Associations between surgical start time (regular vs after hours) and morbidity and mortality during hospitalization in dogs and cats.

Objective: To examine the relationship between after-hours (ie, nights and weekends) emergency general surgery and morbidity or mortality in dogs and cats during hospitalization.

Design: Cross-sectional study from September 1, 2013 to May 31, 2017.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Otoscopic evaluation of epithelial remnants in the tympanic cavity after total ear canal ablation and lateral bulla osteotomy.

Objective: To determine the ability to detect the presence of epithelial remnants after total ear canal ablation (TECA) and lateral bulla osteotomy (LBO) with endoscopy and to identify the most common locations of epithelial remnants after tympanic curettage.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: Five fresh canine cadavers with no gross evidence of middle ear disease.

Effectiveness of video-assisted, self-directed, and peer-guided learning in the acquisition of surgical skills by veterinary students.

Objective: To determine the influence of self-directed learning, peer feedback, or expert feedback on suturing technique of novice veterinary student surgeons.

Study Design: Prospective, blinded, video feedback study.

Sample Population: Three groups of surgery naïve veterinary students, two groups of 37 students and one group with 36 students.

Investigation of burnout syndrome and job-related risk factors in veterinary technicians in specialty teaching hospitals: a multicenter cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To investigate veterinary technician burnout and associations with frequency of self-reported medical error, resilience, and depression and job-related risk factors.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study using an anonymous survey conducted between November 2017 and June 2018.

Setting: Four referral teaching hospitals in the United States and Canada.

Biomechanical comparison of four prosthetic ligament repair techniques for tarsal medial collateral ligament injury in dogs.

Objective: To compare joint stability and ultimate strength among 4 prosthetic ligament constructs for repair of tarsal medial collateral ligament (MCL) injury in dogs.

Sample: 13 canine cadavers (26 hind limbs).

Procedures: Each limb was stripped of all soft tissues except those associated with the tarsal joint and assigned to 1 of 4 prosthetic ligament constructs.

Survey of instructor and student impressions of a high-fidelity model in canine ovariohysterectomy surgical training.

Objective: To evaluate the usefulness of a high-fidelity model for teaching ovariohysterectomy (OHE) to veterinary students.

Study Design: Longitudinal survey.

Sample Population: Clinicians with ≥2 years postgraduate experience in small animal surgery and a sophomore veterinary student population at 1 institution.

Complete Urogenital and Anorectal Duplication in a Dog.

A 10-week-old sexually intact female golden retriever was evaluated for two functional anal openings and a bipartite vulva. Examination revealed haired skin between two separate anatomically smaller anal openings. On rectal palpation, a soft tissue septum (5 cm) with a mucosal surface between the two anal openings was palpated.

Retrospective study of factors associated with surgical site infection in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy.

OBJECTIVE To identify risk factors associated with surgical site infection (SSI) in dogs following tibial plateau leveling osteotomy (TPLO). DESIGN Retrospective cohort study. ANIMALS 320 dogs that underwent unilateral or bilateral TPLO (n = 405 procedures) between 2007 and 2015 and were reexamined by a veterinarian at least once ≥ 8 weeks after the procedure.

Laryngeal mask airway and transient hypercapnic hyperpnea for video-endoscopic assessment of unilateral laryngeal paralysis in dogs.

Objective: To evaluate the ability to assess laryngeal function and to diagnose unilateral laryngeal paralysis (uLP) via airway endoscopy and carbon dioxide (CO ) stimulation.

Study Design: Experimental study.

Animals: Six healthy, adult beagles.

Charcot-Leyden crystals: do they exist in veterinary species? A case report and literature review.

The Charcot-Leyden crystal (CLC) is a major human eosinophil protein that readily crystallizes; these crystals are common in eosinophilic diseases. Although anecdotal existence of these crystals is known in veterinary pathology, definitive reports do not exist, to our knowledge. We identified eosinophilic crystals in a laryngeal myxosarcoma from a 2-y-old, spayed female, Labrador Retriever dog that were tentatively interpreted as CLCs.

Genetic mapping of principal components of canine pelvic morphology.

Background: Concentrated breeding effort to produce various body structures and behaviors of dogs to suit human demand has inadvertently produced unwanted traits and diseases that accompany the morphological and behavioral phenotypes. We explored the relationship between pelvic conformation and canine hip dysplasia (HD) because purebred dogs which are predisposed, or not, to HD share common morphologic features, respectively. Thirteen unique bilateral anatomical features of the pelvis were measured on 392 dogs of 51 breeds and 95 mixed breed dogs.

Effect of the Proximal Abducting Ulnar Osteotomy on Intra-Articular Pressure Distribution and Contact Mechanics of Congruent and Incongruent Canine Elbows Ex Vivo.

Objective: To determine the effects of the Proximal Abducting Ulnar Osteotomy (PAUL) on contact pressures of congruent and incongruent (short radius) canine elbows.

Study Design: Ex vivo biomechanical study.

Sample Population: Unpaired normal cadaveric canine forelimbs (n=16).

Congenital cardiac anomalies in an English bulldog.

A 4-year-old male castrated English bulldog was referred to the Atlantic Veterinary College for evaluation of exercise intolerance, multiple syncopal episodes, and a grade IV/VI heart murmur. The dog was shown to have 3 congenital cardiac anomalies: atrial septal defect, mitral valve dysplasia, and subaortic stenosis. Medical management consisted of exercise restriction, atenolol, pimobendan, and taurine.

Exercise training in late middle-aged male Fischer 344 x Brown Norway F1-hybrid rats improves skeletal muscle aerobic function.

The Fischer 344 x Brown Norway F1-hybrid (F344BN) rat has become an increasingly popular and useful strain for studying age-related declines in skeletal muscle function because this strain lives long enough to experience significant declines in muscle mass. Since exercise is often considered a mechanism to combat age-related declines in muscle function, determining the utility of this strain of rat for studying the effects of exercise on the ageing process is necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the plasticity of skeletal muscle aerobic function in late middle-aged male rats following 7 weeks of treadmill exercise training.

Caloric restriction protects mitochondrial function with aging in skeletal and cardiac muscles.

In skeletal muscles and heart in vitro complex IV activity is lower in young adult caloric restricted (CR) animals despite normal aerobic function in situ and in vivo. On the other hand, whereas markers of oxidative capacity decline 25% to 46% between 8 and 10 months and 35 months in ad libitum fed (AL) animals, in most muscles there is no decline in CR across the same absolute age (35 mo old) or relative age (35% survival rate) span and PGC-1alpha gene expression in gastrocnemius muscle declines more slowly with aging. The present results show that CR largely prevents the age-associated decline in mitochondrial function in heart and skeletal muscles, and suggest that this is secondary to a better-maintained drive on mitochondrial biogenesis.