Metastatic conjunctival melanoma: a multicentre international study.

Background: To reveal clinical findings related to metastatic conjunctival melanoma.

Methods: 10 ophthalmic oncology centres (9 countries and 4 continents) shared data to create a large clinical case series. The main outcome measures were the incidence and cumulative risk of systemic metastasis, study mortality rates and Kaplan-Meier patient mortality after developing conjunctival melanoma metastasis.

Quantitative Perfusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: Perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI; magnetic resonance imaging [MRI]) has been shown to provide valuable biological tumor information in uveal melanoma (UM). Clinically used semiquantitative methods do not account for tumor pigmentation and eye movement. We hypothesize that a quantitative PWI method that incorporates these, provides a more accurate description of tumor perfusion than the current clinical method.

Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada-Like Disease with Loss of Visual Acuity due to Sunitinib Treatment Restored after Switch in Therapy: A Case Report.

Introduction: In this paper, we report a case of visual impairment during treatment with sunitinib in a patient with metastatic renal cell carcinoma.

Methods: Retrospective chart review was used.

Case Presentation: We describe a 74-year-old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who was treated with sunitinib and experienced severe loss of visual acuity due to serous retinal detachment and intraretinal fluid.

Asymptotic Freedom at the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless Transition without Fine-Tuning Using a Qubit Regularization.

We propose a two-dimensional hard-core loop-gas model as a way to regularize the asymptotically free massive continuum quantum field theory that emerges at the Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. Without fine-tuning, our model can reproduce the universal step-scaling function of the classical lattice XY model in the massive phase as we approach the phase transition. This is achieved by lowering the fugacity of Fock-vacuum sites in the loop-gas configuration space to zero in the thermodynamic limit.

Time Trends in the Treatment and Survival of 5036 Uveal Melanoma Patients in The Netherlands over a 30-Year Period.

Background: Uveal melanoma (UM) is a rare intraocular tumor with a dismal prognosis once metastasized. This study provides a nationwide overview and time trends of patients diagnosed with primary UM in the Netherlands between 1989 and 2019.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study based on patients with primary UM from the database of the Netherlands Cancer Registry (NCR), linked with the national population registry Statistics Netherlands on inhabitants' cause of death.

Singly-excited resonant open quantum system Tavis-Cummings model with quantum circuit mapping.

Tavis-Cummings (TC) cavity quantum electrodynamical effects, describing the interaction of N atoms with an optical resonator, are at the core of atomic, optical and solid state physics. The full numerical simulation of TC dynamics scales exponentially with the number of atoms. By restricting the open quantum system to a single excitation, typical of experimental realizations in quantum optics, we analytically solve the TC model with an arbitrary number of atoms with linear complexity.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Clinical Care for Uveal Melanoma Patients-A Systematic Review from an Ophthalmic Perspective.

Conversely to most tumour types, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was rarely used for eye tumours. As recent technical advances have increased ocular MRI's diagnostic value, various clinical applications have been proposed. This systematic review provides an overview of the current status of MRI in the clinical care of uveal melanoma (UM) patients, the most common eye tumour in adults.

MR-based follow-up after brachytherapy and proton beam therapy in uveal melanoma.

Purpose: MRI is increasingly used in the diagnosis and therapy planning of uveal melanoma (UM). In this prospective cohort study, we assessed the radiological characteristics, in terms of anatomical and functional imaging, of UM after ruthenium-106 plaque brachytherapy or proton beam therapy (PBT) and compared them to conventional ultrasound.

Methods: Twenty-six UM patients were evaluated before and 3, 6 and 12 months after brachytherapy (n = 13) or PBT (n = 13).

Increased Histological Tumor Pigmentation in Uveal Melanoma Is Related to Eye Color and Loss of Chromosome 3/BAP1.

Purpose: Heavy pigmentation is known to be a prognostic risk factor in uveal melanoma (UM). We analyzed whether genetic tumor parameters were associated with tumor pigmentation and whether pigmentation should be included in prognostic tests.

Design: Retrospective comparison of clinical, histopathological, and genetic features and survival in UM with different pigmentation.

Automatic Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance-based measurements of tumour prominence and basal diameter for treatment planning of uveal melanoma.

Background And Purpose: Three-dimensional (3D) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to complement conventional two-dimensional ultrasound in the assessment of tumour dimension measurement of uveal melanoma. However, the lack of definitions of the 3D measurements of these tumour dimensions hinders further adaptation of MRI in ocular radiotherapy planning. In this study, we composed 3D MR-based definitions of tumour prominence and basal diameter and compared them to conventional ultrasound.

Comparison of Magnetic Resonance Imaging-Based and Conventional Measurements for Proton Beam Therapy of Uveal Melanoma.

Objective: Conventionally, ocular proton therapy (PT) is planned using measurements obtained by an ophthalmologist using ultrasound, fundoscopy, biometry, and intraoperative assessments. Owing to the recent advances in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of uveal melanoma (UM), it is possible to acquire high-resolution 3-dimensional images of the eye, providing the opportunity to incorporate MRI in ocular PT planning. In this study, we described how these measurements can be obtained using MRI, compared the MRI-based measurements with conventional ophthalmic measurements, and identified potential pitfalls for both modalities.

Clinical Outcomes after International Referral of Uveal Melanoma Patients for Proton Therapy.

Objective: To assess oncological and ophthalmological outcomes after international referral of uveal melanoma patients for proton therapy.

Materials And Methods: This is a retrospective study among Dutch uveal melanoma patients who were treated in Switzerland with 60.0 CGE proton therapy (in 4 fractions) from 1987 to 2019.

Chromosome 3 and 8q Aberrations in Uveal Melanoma Show Greater Impact on Survival in Patients with Light Iris versus Dark Iris Color.

Purpose: Individuals with gray, blue, or green eyes have a higher chance of developing uveal melanoma (UM) than those with brown eyes. We wondered whether iris pigmentation might be related not only to predisposition to UM but also to its behavior; therefore, we compared the clinical, histopathologic, and genetic characteristics of UM between eyes with different colors.

Design: We determined iris color in a large cohort of patients enucleated for UM.

MR imaging characteristics of uveal melanoma with histopathological validation.

Purpose: To evaluate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of uveal melanoma (UM), to compare them with fundoscopy and ultrasound (US), and to validate them with histopathology.

Methods: MR images from 42 UM were compared with US and fundoscopy, and on 14 enucleated cases with histopathology.

Results: A significant relationship between the signal intensity on T1 and pigmentation on histopathology was found (p=0.

An Automatic Framework to Create Patient-specific Eye Models From 3D Magnetic Resonance Images for Treatment Selection in Patients With Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: The optimal treatment strategy for uveal melanoma (UM) relies on many factors, the most important being tumor size and location. Building on recent developments in high-resolution 3D ocular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we developed an automatic image-processing framework to create patient-specific eye models and to subsequently determine the full 3D tumor shape and size automatically.

Methods And Materials: From 15 patients with UM, 3D inversion-recovery gradient-echo (T1-weighted) and 3D fat-suppressed spin-echo (T2-weighted) images were acquired with a 7T MRI scanner.

A Comparison of 3 T and 7 T MRI for the Clinical Evaluation of Uveal Melanoma.

Background: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly being used in the diagnosis and treatment planning of uveal melanoma (UM), the most common primary intraocular tumor. Initially, 7 T MRI was primarily used, but more recently these techniques have been translated to 3 T, as it is more commonly available.

Purpose: Compare the diagnostic performance of 3 T and 7 T MRI of UM.

Koelreuteria paniculata invasiveness, yielding capacity and harvest date influence on biodiesel feedstock properties.

Due to Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm., high abundance in Novi Sad (Serbia) and previously confirmed biodiesel feedstock suitability, this study aimed to assess generative potential and yield, assess K. paniculata invasive risk, and investigate the influence of harvesting periods on the oil content and quality.

Conjunctival melanoma: New insights in tumour genetics and immunology, leading to new therapeutic options.

Recent developments in oncology have led to a better molecular and cellular understanding of cancer, and the introduction of novel therapies. Conjunctival melanoma (CoM) is a rare but potentially devastating disease. A better understanding of CoM, leading to the development of novel therapies, is urgently needed.

Five Decades of Enucleations for Uveal Melanoma in One Center: More Tumors with High Risk Factors, No Improvement in Survival over Time.

Background: In order to improve medical care for uveal melanoma (UM) patients, we need to monitor disease and survival to guide our research efforts. We analyzed the data of UM patients who underwent an enucleation at the Leiden University Medical Center over the last five decades and investigated trends in patient and tumor characteristics and survival.

Methods: Data were collected from charts and pathology reports from all patients who underwent an enucleation for UM between 1973 and 2019 ( = 1,212), of which 1,066 were primary enucleations; data were analyzed according to five time periods: 1973-1979 ( = 209), 1980-1989 ( = 148), 1990-1999 ( = 174), 2000-2009 ( = 280), and 2010-2019 ( = 401).

Targeting the YAP/TAZ Pathway in Uveal and Conjunctival Melanoma With Verteporfin.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine whether YAP/TAZ activation in uveal melanoma (UM) and the susceptibility of melanoma cell lines to YAP/TAZ inhibition by verteporfin (VP) is related to the tumor's genetic background.

Methods: Characteristics of 144 patients with enucleated UM were analyzed together with mRNA expression levels of YAP/TAZ-related genes (80 patients from the The Cancer Genome Atlas [TCGA] project and 64 patients from Leiden, The Netherlands). VP was administered to cell lines 92.

Measuring eye deformation between planning and proton beam therapy position using magnetic resonance imaging.

Proton beam therapy (PBT) for uveal melanoma (UM) is performed in sitting position, while the acquisition of the Magnetic resonance (MR)-images for treatment planning is performed in supine position. We assessed the effect of this difference in position on the eye- and tumour- shape. Seven subjects and six UM-patients were scanned in supine and a seating mimicking position.

Anterior Segment OCTA of Melanocytic Lesions of the Conjunctiva and Iris.

Purpose: To study the feasibility and diagnostic value of vascular imaging using optical coherence tomography (OCT)-angiography (OCTA) of melanocytic lesions of the conjunctiva and iris.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: Twenty-five patients with an untreated conjunctival lesion (5 melanoma, 13 nevus, 7 primary acquired melanosis [PAM]) and 52 patients with an untreated iris lesion (10 melanoma, 42 nevus) were included.

Conjunctival melanoma treatment outcomes in 288 patients: a multicentre international data-sharing study.

Background: To relate conjunctival melanoma characteristics to local control.

Methods: Retrospective, registry-based interventional study with data gathered from 10 ophthalmic oncology centres from 9 countries on 4 continents. Conjunctival melanoma patients diagnosed between January 2001 and December 2013 were enrolled in the study.

Management of conjunctival melanoma with local excision and adjuvant brachytherapy.

Background/objectives: To evaluate the management of conjunctival melanoma with local excision and adjuvant brachytherapy.

Subjects/methods: Data of all patients who received local excision and adjuvant brachytherapy for conjunctival melanoma between 1999 and 2016 in a Dutch national referral centre were reviewed. A protocol with Sr-90 was used until 2012, a protocol with Ru-106 was used hereafter.

Prognostic Factors Five Years After Enucleation for Uveal Melanoma.

Purpose: A subgroup of uveal melanoma (UM) gives rise to metastases at a late stage. Our objective was to identify patient and tumor characteristics that are associated with UM-related death in patients who survived 5 years following enucleation.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in 583 primary UM cases, enucleated at the Leiden University Medical Center between 1983 and 2013.