The global diet quality score as an indicator of adequate nutrient intake and dietary quality - a nation-wide representative study.

Background: The Global Diet Quality Score (GDQS) was developed to be a simple, timely and cost-effective tool to track, simultaneously, nutritional deficiency and non-communicable disease risks from diet in diverse settings. The objective was to investigate the performance of GDQS as an indicator of adequate nutrient intake and dietary quality in a national-representative sample of the Brazilian population.

Methods: Nationally-representative data from 44,744 men and non-pregnant and non-lactating women aging ≥ 10 years, from the Brazilian National Dietary Survey were used.

Jaboticaba peel improves postprandial glucose and inflammation: A randomized controlled trial in adults with metabolic syndrome.

The modulation of glucose metabolism through dietary sources has been recognized as 1 of the most sustainable approaches for preventing of cardiometabolic diseases. Although fibers and phenolic compounds derived from jaboticaba (Plinia jaboticaba) peel have demonstrated improvements in metabolic pathways in preclinical models, their beneficial effects in clinical trials remain to be fully determined. This study aimed to assess the impact of jaboticaba peel (JP) powder supplementation on glucose metabolism compared with a placebo in individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Association of physical activity and sitting with metabolic syndrome and hyperglycemic clamp parameters in adolescents - BRAMS pediatric study.

Introduction: Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have immediate and long-term consequences on adolescent health and well-being. Among the available treatments for MetS in adolescents, behavioral interventions such as increasing physical activity (PA) are preferred. This study aimed to investigate the association of PA and sitting time with MetS and a complete set of metabolic health parameters.

Childhood eating practices are relevant to ultra-processed food consumption in adulthood: results from the Nutritionists' Health Study.

Studies on childhood feeding and current food consumption, according to the NOVA classification, in adults are scarce. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between childhood dietary practices and the current consumption of different categories of processed foods in young adults using data from the Nutritionists' Health Study (NutriHS) cohort. A cross-sectional analysis was performed using data of 392 on nutrition undergraduate students or nutritionists aged ≥18 years.

Which blood cutoff value should be used for vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3-10 years? A systematic review.

Context: Blood cutoff values for vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3-10 years have not been addressed in the literature.

Objective: To identify blood retinol concentrations for determining severe vitamin A deficiency in children aged 3-10 years.

Data Sources: The MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and Scopus databases were searched.

Validation and adaptation of the empirical dietary inflammatory pattern across nations: A test case.

Objective: The empirical dietary inflammatory pattern (EDIP) assesses the inflammatory potential of diet in the US population. The aim of this study was to assess the applicability of the EDIP to a Brazilian population.

Methods: Data from 19- to 75-y-old participants of two editions of the cross-sectional population-based Health Survey of Sao Paulo (HS-SP) were used to validate the EDIP (n = 269; HS-SP 2008), develop an EDIP adapted to a Sao Paulo population, the EDIP-SP (n = 441; HS-SP 2008), and replicate EDIP-SP results in an independent sample (n = 501; HS-SP 2015).

Nutritional genomics, inflammation and obesity.

The Human Genome Project has significantly broadened our understanding of the molecular aspects regulating the homeostasis and the pathophysiology of different clinical conditions. Consequently, the field of nutrition has been strongly influenced by such improvements in knowledge - especially for determining how nutrients act at the molecular level in different conditions, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer. In this manner, characterizing how the genome influences the diet and vice-versa provides insights about the molecular mechanisms involved in chronic inflammation-related diseases.

FADS1 and ELOVL2 polymorphisms reveal associations for differences in lipid metabolism in a cross-sectional population-based survey of Brazilian men and women.

Cardiometabolic risk involves environmental and genetic factors. We aimed to investigate the relationship between plasma fatty acids and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), located in elongase and desaturases genes, and cardiometabolic parameters in a cross-sectional population-based survey. A sample of 226 adults who participated in the Health Survey of Sao Paulo, Brazil, was selected.

A posteriori dietary patterns and their association with systemic low-grade inflammation in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Context: A posteriori dietary patterns are promising ways of uncovering potential public health strategies for the prevention of systemic, low-grade, inflammation-related, chronic noncommunicable diseases.

Objective: To investigate and summarize the current evidence on the association between a posteriori dietary patterns and systemic, low-grade inflammation in adults.

Data Sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, and LILACS were searched.

Systemic low-grade inflammation-associated lifestyle, diet, and genetic factors: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Objectives: Systemic low-grade inflammation (SLGI) is an intermediary common condition to the physiopathology of chronic noncommunicable diseases and targeting its determinants could lead to more efficient public health strategies. We aimed to investigate SLGI-independent associations with lifestyle, diet, and genetic factors in a population-based sample of adults using a systemic low-grade inflammation score (SIS).

Methods: The study sample is composed of 269 participants from the cross-sectional population-based Health Survey of Sao Paulo (2008-2010), ages 20 to 59 y, whose data on socioeconomic variables, lifestyle, health parameters, and blood samples were available.

Lipid metabolism genetic risk score interacts with the Brazilian Healthy Eating Index Revised and its components to influence the odds for dyslipidemia in a cross-sectional population-based survey in Brazil.

Background: Dyslipidemia can be influenced by genetic and dietary risk factors.

Aim: This study set out to investigate diet and genetic variations in Brazilian people in a cross-sectional population-based survey and to analyze the relationship between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of genes involved in lipid metabolism and cardiometabolic-related phenotypes using a genetic risk score (GRS).

Methods: We recruited 228 adults (mean age 36.

Plasma fatty acids: Biomarkers of dietary intake?

Objective: To our knowledge, there is currently no consensus in the literature on the association between dietary fatty acids and circulating levels in plasma. The aim of this study was to assess the association of the intake of fatty acids with their relative plasma concentrations.

Methods: We conducted a study with 300 adults from the population-based health survey in São Paulo city (ISA-Capital 2008).

The association between genetic risk score and blood pressure is modified by coffee consumption: Gene-diet interaction analysis in a population-based study.

Background & Aim: Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that are associated with high blood pressure (BP). However, whether coffee consumption interacts with the genetic variants related to BP is yet unclear. Thus, this study aimed to investigate whether the association between genetic risk core (GRS) and blood pressure was modified by usual coffee consumption.

Peptidylarginine deiminase 4 concentration, but not PADI4 polymorphisms, is associated with ICU mortality in septic shock patients.

The objective of our study was to evaluate the association between peptidylarginine deiminase 4 (PAD4) concentration and its polymorphisms with mortality in patients with septic shock. We prospectively evaluated 175 patients aged over 18 years with septic shock upon intensive care unit (ICU) admission. However, 48 patients were excluded.

Erythrocyte SOD1 activity, but not SOD1 polymorphisms, is associated with ICU mortality in patients with septic shock.

The objective of our study was to evaluate the influence of the superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) polymorphisms on erythrocyte SOD1 activity and the mortality of patients with septic shock. We prospectively evaluated 175 patients aged over 18 years with septic shock upon ICU admission. However, 38 patients were excluded.

Dairy consumption and inflammatory profile: A cross-sectional population-based study, São Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between dairy product consumption and plasma inflammatory biomarkers levels among a representative sample of Brazilian adults from São Paulo City.

Methods: Data were acquired from the Health Survey for São Paulo, a cross-sectional population-based study. All individuals 20 to 59 y of age with complete food consumption information (24-h dietary recall and food frequency questionnaire) and blood sample analysis were included (N = 259).

Influence of toll-like receptor 4 gene variants and plasma fatty acid profile on systemic inflammation: A population-based cross-sectional study.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the interaction of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and plasma fatty acid (FA) profile in modulating risk for systemic inflammation.

Methods: In all, 262 adult (19-59 y) participants of the Health Survey of São Paulo met the inclusion criteria. Anthropometric parameters, blood pressure, plasma inflammatory biomarker concentration, and fatty acid profile were measured and four SNPs of the TLR4 gene (rs4986790, rs4986791, rs11536889, and rs5030728) were genotyped.

Association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and inflammatory biomarker levels in a cross-sectional population-based study, São Paulo, Brazil.

Besides the classic vitamin D function on bone homeostasis, there are bodies of evidence showing that adequate status of vitamin D can modulate inflammation. We hypothesized that higher plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) would correlate with lower plasma levels of proinflammatory cytokines, acute-phase proteins, and soluble adhesion molecules and higher plasma levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines. We included all adults (age, 20-59 years) of the population-based, cross-sectional study, Health Survey-São Paulo, conducted in São Paulo (Brazil) in the study (n = 281).

Interaction of SNP in the CRP gene and plasma fatty acid profile in inflammatory pattern: A cross-sectional population-based study.

Objective: To assess the interaction of three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the C-reactive protein (CRP) gene and plasma fatty acid (FA) levels in modulating inflammatory profile.

Methods: A total of 262 subjects, aged >19 y and <60 y, participated in a cross-sectional, population-based study performed in Brazil. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs1205, rs1417938, and rs2808630) spanning the CRP gene were genotyped.

Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis) modulates NF-kappaB pathway and AKT expression in the liver of rats fed on a high-fat diet.

To investigate the effect of Yerba Mate (YM) aqueous extract intake on the NF-kB pathway and AKT expression in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue of rats submitted to a high-fat diet (HFD). Male Wistar rats were fed a control (CON) (n = 24) or a HFD (n = 24) for 12 weeks. Afterwards, rats received YM daily (1 g/kg body weight) for 4 weeks.