Microencapsulation of Bacillus megaterium in cationic starch/PVA-based matrices.

The increasing demand for sustainable and effective agricultural bio-based products is driving innovation in encapsulation technologies for beneficial microorganisms, such as Bacillus strains, known for promoting plant growth and controlling pathogens. This study proposes an efficient methodology for encapsulating Bacillus megaterium within microparticles using a simple cross-linking/emulsion process based on Cationic Starch (CS) and Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA). Citric acid (CA) and Sodium Trimetaphosphate (STMP) were employed as cross-linking agents, while bentonite (Bent) was added to modify the materials.

Modification of pectin/starch-based beads with additives to improve Bacillus subtilis encapsulation for agricultural applications.

The use of Bacillus as biofertilizer is a sustainable strategy to increase agricultural productivity, but it still requires the development of formulations to protect cells from stressful conditions. Ionotropic gelation using a pectin/starch matrix is a promising encapsulation strategy to achieve this goal. By incorporating additives such as montmorillonite (MMT), attapulgite (ATP), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), the properties of these encapsulated products could be further improved.

Exploring the roles of starch for microbial encapsulation through a systematic mapping review.

Microorganism encapsulation protects them from stressful conditions and assists in maintaining their viability, being especially beneficial when the carrier material is a renewable and biodegradable biopolymer, such as starch. Here, a systematic mapping was performed to provide a current overview on the use of starch-based systems for microbial encapsulation. Following well-established guidelines, a systematic mapping was conducted and the following could be drawn: 1) there was a significant increase in publications on microbial encapsulation using starch over the past decade, showing interest from the scientific community, 2) ionotropic gelation, emulsification and spray drying are the most commonly used techniques for starch-based microbial encapsulation, and 3) starch play important functions in the encapsulation matrix such as assisting in the survival of the microorganisms.

Self-management strategies and multicomponent training to mitigate the effects of the interruption of physical exercise programmes in the pandemic context on functionality, sedentary behaviour, physical capacity, mental health, body composition and quality of life in older adults: a blinded randomized controlled study protocol.

Background: Considering the confinement recommended by the World Health Organization due to the pandemic caused by COVID-19, many community physical exercise programmes for older adults have had their activities cancelled. In this context, proposing strategies to recover the possible adverse effects of the confinement period is pertinent. The use of self-management strategies associated with regular physical activity reduces sedentary behaviour and improves physical capacity in older adults.

Potentially carcinogenic effects of hydrogen peroxide for tooth bleaching on the oral mucosa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Little is known about the extent to which hydrogen peroxide as used for tooth bleaching could be carcinogenic to the oral mucosa.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate whether hydrogen peroxide as used for tooth bleaching has carcinogenic effects on the oral mucosa.

Material And Methods: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase electronic databases were searched.

Medicinal plant use in primary health care: an integrative review.

Medicinal plant (MP) use supports comprehensiveness of care in Primary Health Care (PHC), enabling appreciation of popular knowledge and self-care. This integrative literature review aims to analyze researches that approach the insertion of using MP in PHC. PICO strategy was used as a guideline in search of evidence, reuniting 18 articles published between January 2015 and August 2020, in the Virtual Health Library and PubMed databases.

P045 Prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in a Brazilian public healthcare clinic.

Background: Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is an inflammatory and chronic disease, as well as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Current literature has shown that IBD patients are at high risk for NAFLD. In those patients, the pathogenesis of NAFLD may be more complex and related to multifactor causes, such as gut dysbiosis, unhealthy nutritional behavior, body composition and systemic inflammation.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of burnout syndrome in frontline physicians: prevalence and associated factors.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of burnout syndrome (BS) in physicians working during the COVID-19 pandemic in Paraíba and to investigate the association between BS and the sociodemographic and labor variables of these professionals.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including physicians who were active during the pandemic in Paraíba, whether they were on the front line (group 1) or not (group 2). Sociodemographic and labor variables were collected, and the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) questionnaire was applied.

Evaluation of anthropometry as an alternative to DXA as predictor of low bone mineral density in children and adolescents with cystic fibrosis.

Background & Aims: Low bone mineral density (BMD) for age in people with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is associated with worse nutritional status. The aim of this study is to assess body composition by anthropometry as a predictor of BMD in people with CF.

Methods: Multicenter cross-sectional study with 39 people aged 5 and 20 years with CF.

TLR4 deficiency upregulates TLR9 expression and enhances irinotecan-related intestinal mucositis and late-onset diarrhoea.

Background And Purpose: Severe diarrhoea, a common gastrointestinal manifestation of anticancer treatment with irinotecan, might involve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of toll-like receptors (TLRs), described as critical bacterial sensors in the gut. Here, colorectal cancer patients carrying missense TLR4 A896G (rs4986790) or C1,196T (rs4986791) SNPs and Tlr4 knockout (Tlr4-/-) mice were given irinotecan to investigate the severity of the induced diarrhoea.

Experimental Approach: Forty-six patients treated with irinotecan-based regimens had diarrhoea severity analysed according to TLR4 genotypes.

Single Low Dose of Cocaine-Structural Brain Injury Without Metabolic and Behavioral Changes.

Chronic cocaine use has been shown to lead to neurotoxicity in rodents and humans, being associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. However, recreational use, which may lead to addictive behavior, is often neglected. This occurs, in part, due to the belief that exposure to low doses of cocaine comes with no brain damage risk.

Abbreviated preoperative fasting favours postoperative oral intake at lower hospital admission costs for cancer patients.

Objective: to evaluate the feasibility of abbreviated fasting in oncologic colorectal surgeries, as well as the impact on the surgical outcome of the patients.

Methods: prospective randomized comparative study with patients undergoing elective colorectal cancer surgeries from May to September 2017. Patients were randomized electronically into two groups according to the preoperative fast to be adopted: conventional or abbreviated.

Proximal endovascular blood flow shunt for thoracoabdominal aortic aneurism without total aortic clamping.

The authors present a surgical approach to type III and IV Crawford aneurysms that does not need total aortic clamping, which allows the more objective prevention of direct ischemic damage, as well as its exclusion by the endoprosthesis implantation, shunting the flow to the synthetic graft.

Social inequality and exposure to magnetic fields in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of exposure to magnetic fields generated by transmission lines (TL) and characterize the exposed population.

Methods: Information about TL in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, was provided by the electricity companies and mapped out using geographic information system (GIS). Demographic and socioeconomic data were obtained from the 2000 Census and added to the GIS in another layer.