Insulin-producing cells derived from 'induced pluripotent stem cells' of patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes: Vulnerability to cytokine insults and increased expression of apoptosis-related genes.

Aims/introduction: The present study was carried out to generate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) from patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes, and evaluate the cytokine-induced apoptotic reactions of β-like insulin-producing cells differentiated from the iPSCs.

Materials And Methods: iPSCs were generated from fibroblasts of patients with fulminant type 1 diabetes by inducing six reprogramming factors. Insulin-producing cells were differentiated from the iPSCs in vitro.

Data for proteomic analysis of ATP-binding proteins and kinase inhibitor target proteins using an ATP probe.

Interactions between ATP and ATP-binding proteins (ATPome) are common and are required for most cellular processes. Thus, it is clearly important to identify and quantify these interactions for understanding basic cellular mechanisms and the pathogenesis of various diseases. We used an ATP competition assay (competition between ATP and acyl-ATP probes) that enabled us to distinguish specific ATP-binding proteins from non-specific proteins (Adachi et al.

Differential Proteome Analysis Identifies TGF-β-Related Pro-Metastatic Proteins in a 4T1 Murine Breast Cancer Model.

Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) has a dual role in tumorigenesis, acting as either a tumor suppressor or as a pro-oncogenic factor in a context-dependent manner. Although TGF-β antagonists have been proposed as anti-metastatic therapies for patients with advanced stage cancer, how TGF-β mediates metastasis-promoting effects is poorly understood. Establishment of TGF-β-related protein expression signatures at the metastatic site could provide new mechanistic information and potentially allow identification of novel biomarkers for clinical intervention to discriminate TGF-β oncogenic effects from tumor suppressive effects.

Transcriptional Dynamics of Immortalized Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells during Transformation.

Comprehensive analysis of alterations in gene expression along with neoplastic transformation in human cells provides valuable information about the molecular mechanisms underlying transformation. To further address these questions, we performed whole transcriptome analysis to the human mesenchymal stem cell line, UE6E7T-3, which was immortalized with hTERT and human papillomavirus type 16 E6/E7 genes, in association with progress of transformation in these cells. At early stages of culture, UE6E7T-3 cells preferentially lost one copy of chromosome 13, as previously described; in addition, tumor suppressor genes, DNA repair genes, and apoptosis-activating genes were overexpressed.

Proteome-wide discovery of unknown ATP-binding proteins and kinase inhibitor target proteins using an ATP probe.

ATP-binding proteins, including protein kinases, play essential roles in many biological and pathological processes and thus these proteins are attractive as drug targets. Acyl-ATP probes have been developed as efficient probes for kinase enrichment, and these probes have also been used to enrich other ATP-binding proteins. However, a robust method to identify ATP-binding proteins with systematic elimination of nonspecific binding proteins has yet to be established.