Paraprobiotic Enterococcus faecalis EC-12 prevents the development of irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis in mice.

Aims: This study tested the protective effect of purified paraprobiotic Enterococcus faecalis (EC-12) and an E. faecalis-based formulation (Med LanS) on irinotecan-induced intestinal mucositis murine model.

Main Methods: C57BL/6 male mice received saline, irinotecan (75 mg/Kg, i.

TLR4 deficiency upregulates TLR9 expression and enhances irinotecan-related intestinal mucositis and late-onset diarrhoea.

Background And Purpose: Severe diarrhoea, a common gastrointestinal manifestation of anticancer treatment with irinotecan, might involve single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of toll-like receptors (TLRs), described as critical bacterial sensors in the gut. Here, colorectal cancer patients carrying missense TLR4 A896G (rs4986790) or C1,196T (rs4986791) SNPs and Tlr4 knockout (Tlr4-/-) mice were given irinotecan to investigate the severity of the induced diarrhoea.

Experimental Approach: Forty-six patients treated with irinotecan-based regimens had diarrhoea severity analysed according to TLR4 genotypes.