[The Outpatient Activity of the Onconephrology Clinic of Cremona in the First Semester of 2023].

Despite the rapidly growing area of onconephrology in the last decade, nephropathic patients have been rarely involved in clinical trials of cancer therapy, particularly in the case of chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 4 (CKD4) or stage 5 (CKD5). We could offer better therapeutic opportunities to our patients thanks to the Onconephrology Clinic and the Multidisciplinary group, in which a dedicated team of specialists guarantees the highest level of possible care. In this paper, we analysed the activity of the first Italian OnconephrologyClinic, twelve years after its foundation.

Preventive strategies for acute kidney injury in cancer patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of cancer that occurs in up to 50% of neoplastic patients during the natural history of their disease; furthermore, it has a huge impact on key outcomes such as overall prognosis, length of hospitalization and costs. AKI in cancer patients has different causes, either patient-, tumour- or treatment-related. Patient-related risk factors for AKI are the same as in the general population, whereas tumour-related risk factors are represented by compression, obstruction, direct kidney infiltration from the tumour as well by precipitation, aggregation, crystallization or misfolding of paraprotein (as in the case of multiple myeloma).

Canakinumab as treatment for COVID-19-related pneumonia: A prospective case-control study.

Objectives: Canakinumab is an IL-1β antibody that neutralises the activity of IL-1β. This study examined the efficacy and safety of canakinumab in patients with moderate COVID-19-related pneumonia.

Design: This study aimed to evaluate the reduction in duration of hospitalisation with adequate oxygen status.

The basics of onco-nephrology in the renal clinic.

Onconephrology is a rapidly evolving subspecialty that covers all areas of renal involvement in cancer patients. The complexity of the field may benefit from well-defined multidisciplinary management by a dedicated team. Patients with cancer frequently suffer from concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD), with a prevalence ranging from 12% to 53% at the time of cancer diagnosis.

Overweight-obesity is associated with decreased vitamin K2 levels in hemodialysis patients.

Objectives: Obesity is an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality. Vitamin K2 is involved in the production of bone and matrix amino acid g-carboxy-glutamic acid (Gla) proteins (vitamin K-dependent proteins [VKDPs]), regulating bone and vascular calcification (VC). Bone Gla protein (BGP) is involved both in bone mineralization and VCs.

Genetic variant of C1GalT1 contributes to the susceptibility to IgA nephropathy.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is a common form of primary glomerulonephritis characterized by diffuse glomerular mesangial IgA1 deposition that leads to mesangial proliferation and chronic glomerular inflammation. Analyses of serum IgA1 from IgAN patients revealed an abnormal galactosylation of the O-linked carbohydrate moieties of IgA that may be a result of altered activity of core 1 beta1,3-galactosyltransferase (C1GalT1). To evaluate the association between C1GalT1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and IgAN, we performed a case control study on cohorts from the Italian population.

Genetic heterogeneity in Italian families with IgA nephropathy: suggestive linkage for two novel IgA nephropathy loci.

IgA nephropathy (IgAN) is the most common glomerulonephritis worldwide, but its etiologic mechanisms are still poorly understood. Different prevalences among ethnic groups and familial aggregation, together with an increased familial risk, suggest important genetic influences on its pathogenesis. A locus for familial IgAN, called "IGAN1," on chromosome 6q22-23 has been described, without the identification of any responsible gene.

IgA nephropathy: the presence of familial disease does not confer an increased risk for progression.

Background: Immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy is the most common form of glomerulonephritis worldwide. Familial and sporadic cases are recognized, and a locus associated with the familial form of the disease was mapped to chromosome 6. Recent data suggest the familial IgA nephropathy form may have a poorer outcome than the sporadic form.

Role of interferon-gamma gene polymorphisms in susceptibility to IgA nephropathy: a family-based association study.

T helper (h) lymphocytes in pathogenic immune response at mucosal effector site play a key role in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). We evaluated the impact of some Th1/Th2/Th3/T(R)-type, and of monocyte/macrophage cytokines on IgAN susceptibility with a family-based association study including 53 patients, 45 complete trios, 4 incomplete trios and 36 discordant siblings. Cytokine gene polymorphisms with a potential regulatory role on their production were investigated using the family-based association test (FBAT): IFNgamma intron-1 CA repeat at position 1349-1373; IL-13 -1055C/T; TGFbeta +915G/C; IL-10 5'-proximal and distal microsatellites; TNFalpha -308G/A, -238G/A.

The IgA nephropathy Biobank. An important starting point for the genetic dissection of a complex trait.

Background: IgA nephropathy (IgAN) or Berger's disease, is the most common glomerulonephritis in the world diagnosed in renal biopsied patients. The involvement of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of the IgAN is evidenced by ethnic and geographic variations in prevalence, familial clustering in isolated populations, familial aggregation and by the identification of a genetic linkage to locus IGAN1 mapped on 6q22-23. This study seems to imply a single major locus, but the hypothesis of multiple interacting loci or genetic heterogeneity cannot be ruled out.