In vitro cytotoxicity assessment of imidazolium ionic liquids: biological effects in fish Channel Catfish Ovary (CCO) cell line.

Increasing interest in the application of ionic liquids as green replacement for volatile organic solvents emphasized the need for the evaluation of their toxic effects at different biological systems in order to reduce the risk for human health and environment. To our knowledge, effects of imidazolium ionic liquids on cellular level of fish cell lines have not been studied yet. The cytotoxicity of imidazolium ionic liquids containing different anions and alkyl chain lengths as the substituent at the cation ring towards the fish CCO cell line was determined by WST-1 proliferation assay.

Balance of glucosinolates content under Cd stress in two Brassica species.

We designed a pot experiment to study the changes of growth parameters, accumulation of Cd in cabbage and kale, during a prolonged exposure period with two harvests (after 45 and 75 days of plant growth). Simultaneously, we monitored changes of total S and GSL contents in different plant organs. Both Brassica species showed tolerance to Cd, since no obvious symptoms of metal toxicity were displayed and no significantly reduced plant biomass were recorded.

Cytotoxic effects of imidazolium ionic liquids on fish and human cell lines.

Ionic liquids bring a promise of a wide range of "green" applications that could replace conventional volatile solvents. However, before these applications become large-scale, their toxicity needs to be investigated in order to predict the impact on human health and environment. In this study we assessed the cytotoxicity of imidazolium ionic liquids (in the concentrations between 0.