Proliferation and Recruitment Contribute to Myocardial Macrophage Expansion in Chronic Heart Failure.

Rationale: Macrophages reside in the healthy myocardium, participate in ischemic heart disease, and modulate myocardial infarction (MI) healing. Their origin and roles in post-MI remodeling of nonischemic remote myocardium, however, remain unclear.

Objective: This study investigated the number, origin, phenotype, and function of remote cardiac macrophages residing in the nonischemic myocardium in mice with chronic heart failure after coronary ligation.

Fruits and vegetables intake and characteristics associated among adolescents from Southern Brazil.

Background: Increased body weight has been associated with an unhealthy diet, low consumption of fruits and vegetables. Our objective was to investigate whether adolescents had low intake of fruits and vegetables, and whether gender, age and education could affect the feeding patterns.

Methods: A population-based sample of adolescents, aged 12-19 years, were randomly selected in southern Brazil and included in this cross-sectional study.

Association between different measurements of blood pressure variability by ABP monitoring and ankle-brachial index.

Background: Blood pressure (BP) variability has been associated with cardiovascular outcomes, but there is no consensus about the more effective method to measure it by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM). We evaluated the association between three different methods to estimate BP variability by ABPM and the ankle brachial index (ABI).

Methods And Results: In a cross-sectional study of patients with hypertension, BP variability was estimated by the time rate index (the first derivative of SBP over time), standard deviation (SD) of 24-hour SBP; and coefficient of variability of 24-hour SBP.

Cardiovascular risk attributable to diabetes in southern Brazil: a population-based cohort study.

Objective: To analyze the effect of diabetes on general and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and morbidity in southern Brazil.

Research Design And Methods: A population-based cohort study of 1,091 individuals was conducted. Diabetes was ascertained by medical history.

Clustering of risk factors for cardiovascular disease among women in Southern Brazil: a population-based study.

The association between clustering of risk factors and self-reported cardiovascular disease among women was investigated in a cross-sectional study using a multistage population-based sample. Participants were interviewed at home about diabetes mellitus, physical activity, and diet pattern. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure > or =140/90mmHg or use of anti-hypertensive medication.