Targeted Delivery of Chloroquine to Antigen-Presenting Cells Enhances Inhibition of the Type I Interferon Response.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) causes damaging inflammation in multiple organs via the accumulation of immune complexes. These complexes activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) via toll-like receptors (TLRs), contributing to disease pathogenesis by driving the secretion of inflammatory type I interferons (IFNs). Antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine (CQ), are TLR antagonists used to alleviate inflammation in SLE.

Leveraging Heterogeneity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for New Therapies.

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a multisystem, chronic autoimmune disease where treatment varies by patient and disease activity. Strong preclinical results and clinical correlates have motivated development of many drugs, but many of these have failed to achieve efficacy in clinical trials. FDA approval of belimumab in 2011 was the first successful SLE drug in nearly six decades.

International classification of traditional medicine.

The International Classification of Diseases (ICD) provides alphanumeric codes that have a longstanding place in the annals of contemporary medicine for epidemiology, health management, and clinical diagnoses from patient encounters to death certificates. This system is maintained by the World Health Organization (WHO). Traditional medicine (TM) has historical usage patterns established by treating people through the centuries but has never before been included in the ICD code set.

Role of food labels in accidental exposures in food-allergic individuals in Canada.

Background: Little is known about the impact of food labeling on the allergic consumer.

Objective: To determine the proportion of food-allergic individuals attributing an accidental exposure to inappropriate labeling, failure to read a food label, or ignoring a precautionary statement and to identify factors associated with accidental exposures.

Methods: Food-allergic individuals or their caregivers were recruited from a Canadian registry of individuals with a physician-confirmed diagnosis of peanut allergy and from allergy awareness organizations.