Midgut and fat body: Multisystemic action of pyriproxyfen on non-target organism Ceraeochrysa claveri (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae).

Morphological tools can assist in the evaluation of effects of insecticides on non-target insects. Pyriproxyfen, a juvenile hormone analog, is known to interfere with growth and metamorphosis of insects. However, there are studies showing indirect effects on natural enemies, including green lacewings.

Reproductive toxicity of Novaluron in Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) and its impact on egg production.

Bombyx mori was used as a model to evaluate the reproductive toxicity of Novaluron in insects. Morphological analyses of the testes and ovaries of B. mori throughout their life cycle revealed important alterations in the germ and somatic cells involved in spermatogenesis and oogenesis.

Novaluron impairs the silk gland and productive performance of silkworm Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) larvae.

This study investigates the effects of the insect growth regulator Novaluron on the silk gland (SG) and silk cocoon production in a nontarget insect, the silkworm Bombyx mori, which is a model research insect among Lepidoptera and of great economic importance for the commercial production of silk threads. Larvae were segregated into experimental groups: the control group (CG) and the treatment group (TG), which was exposed to a Novaluron concentration of 0.15 mL/L.

Negative impact of Novaluron on the nontarget insect Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae).

Due to increased use of agrochemicals and growing concerns about ecotoxicology, the development of new insecticides, moving away from those with neurotoxic and broad spectrum effects towards insecticides that are safer for the environment and nontarget beneficial species, has been a research priority. Novaluron stands out among these newer insecticides, is an insect growth regulator that is used for the control of insect pests in crops grown close to mulberry plantations. Mulberry serves as food for the silkworm Bombyx mori, which is a nontarget insect of great economic importance to silk production.