Publications by authors named "Marilia S Carvalho"
Background: There is interest in the public health impact of Long COVID, defined as symptoms that persist or begin after SARS-CoV-2 infection. We aimed to identify demographic and clinical risk factors associated with Long COVID over time in an Upper Middle-Income Country (UMIC) and potential biomarkers predictive of symptom trajectory.
Methods: Prospective cohort study of adults with mild SARS-COV-2 during the Omicron period.
In 2024, Cadernos de Saúde Pública (CSP) celebrates 40 years of uninterrupted publications. This article analyzes the trajectory of the journal and projects its future considering contemporary challenges in scientific publishing in the field of Public Health. This study was based on the analysis of main editorial policy milestones and the identification of the most popular topics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- This study tracked people with COVID-19 and their household contacts in Rio de Janeiro from April 2020 to June 2022, focusing on reinfections.
- Ninety-eight reinfections were noted, with a significant number confirmed through genomic analysis; vaccination was effective against reinfection before the Omicron variant, but not afterward.
- The results indicate that while reinfections tended to be milder, vaccines may not effectively prevent all infections, emphasizing the need for updated vaccines and regular boosters like those used for flu.
Article Synopsis
- - This study explored how SARS-CoV-2 spreads within households, focusing on the role of children and their adult caregivers, particularly examining whether children mostly contracted the virus from symptomatic adults, especially mothers.
- - Conducted in Brazil from April 2020 to July 2022, the study involved 1,256 participants across 298 households, revealing that children are less likely to transmit the virus compared to adults, especially if the adult is symptomatic or unvaccinated.
- - Findings highlighted that vaccinated adults not only had a lower chance of severe illness but also reduced the risk of infecting their household members, suggesting implications for similar urban populations in Latin America.
[Vaccines and social media: a debate around vaccines on Instagram and Facebook during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021)].
Cad Saude Publica
December 2022
Considering that the Internet and especially social media work as a locus for the circulation of information on COVID-19, this study aimed to assess the attention given to the vaccine theme on Instagram and Facebook in posts throughout two years of pandemic, identifying the temporality in which discussion about the different immunizing agents in social media and highlighting the actors who permeated the discussions on the subject. Data were collected using the CrowdTangle graphical interface, based on search terms in Portuguese related to vaccines approved for use in Brazil and it included posts from public Facebook pages and open Instagram profiles made from January 1st, 2020, to December 31st, 2021. The database included 3,876,408 posts (2,901,457 on Facebook and 974,952 on Instagram).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Incidence rates of SARS-CoV-2 infections in low-resource communities can inform vaccination strategies and non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs). Our objective was to estimate incidence over four epidemic waves in a slum in Rio de Janeiro, a proxy for economically deprived areas in the Global South.
Methods: Prospective cohort of children and household contacts screened for SARS-CoV-2 by PCR and serology (IgG).
Dengue, Zika, and chikungunya are arboviral diseases (AVD) transmitted mainly by . Rio de Janeiro city, Brazil, has been endemic for dengue for over 30 years, and experienced the first joint epidemic of the three diseases between 2015-2016. They present similar symptoms and only a small proportion of cases are laboratory-confirmed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To present the urban arboviruses (dengue, zika and chikungunya) stratification methodology by the territorial receptivity Index, an instrument for the surveillance and control of these diseases, which considers the heterogeneity of an intra-municipal territory.
Methods: Ecological study that uses as unit of analysis the areas covered by health centers in Belo Horizonte. For the development of a territorial receptivity index, indicators of socio-environmental determination of urban arboviruses were selected in order to integrate the analysis of main components.
Background: Leptospirosis is an important public health problem affecting vulnerable urban slum populations in developing country settings. However, the complex interaction of meteorological factors driving the temporal trends of leptospirosis remain incompletely understood.
Methods And Findings: From March 1996-March 2010, we investigated the association between the weekly incidence of leptospirosis and meteorological anomalies in the city of Salvador, Brazil by using a dynamic generalized linear model that accounted for time lags, overall trend, and seasonal variation.
Three key elements are the drivers of Aedes-borne disease: mosquito infestation, virus circulating, and susceptible human population. However, information on these aspects is not easily available in low- and middle-income countries. We analysed data on factors that influence one or more of those elements to study the first chikungunya epidemic in Rio de Janeiro city in 2016.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: To investigate the dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a vulnerable population of children and their household contacts.
Methods: SARS-CoV-2 reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction assays and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) immunoglobulin G serology tests were performed in children and their household contacts after enrollment during primary health care clinic visits. Participants were followed prospectively with subsequent specimens collected through household visits in Manguinhos, an impoverished urban slum (a favela) in Rio de Janeiro at 1, 2, and 4 weeks and quarterly post study enrollment.
Background: Temperature and rainfall patterns are known to influence seasonal patterns of dengue transmission. However, the effect of severe drought and extremely wet conditions on the timing and intensity of dengue epidemics is poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to quantify the non-linear and delayed effects of extreme hydrometeorological hazards on dengue risk by level of urbanisation in Brazil using a spatiotemporal model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To analyze agreement/discrepancy between body self-image and Body Mass Index (BMI), according to variables related to type of food and environment influence.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of 195 prepubescent children (≥5 years), attending a Primary Health Care service in Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro. Z-scores were applied to classify BMI.
Background: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI), the leading cause of death in Brazil, has presented regional disparities in mortality rate time trends in recent years. Previous time trend studies did not correct for cause-of-death garbage codes, which may have skewed the estimates.
Objective: To analyze regional and gender-based inequalities in the AMI mortality trend in Brazil from 1996-2016.
Vulnerable road-user deaths in Brazil: a Bayesian hierarchical model for spatial-temporal analysis.
Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot
December 2020
Reducing the road traffic injuries burden is relevant to many sustainable development goals (SDG), in particular SDG3 - to establish good health and well-being. To describe the spatial-temporal trends and identify hotspot regions for fatal road traffic injuries, a Bayesian hierarchical Poisson model was used to analyze data on vulnerable road users (bicyclist, motorcyclist and pedestrians) in Brazil from 1999 to 2016. During the study period, mortality rates for bicyclists remained almost unchanged (0.
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