Dietary protein modulates intestinal dendritic cells to establish mucosal homeostasis.

Dietary proteins are taken up by intestinal dendritic cells (DCs), cleaved into peptides, loaded to major histocompatibility complexes, and presented to T cells to generate an immune response. Amino acid (AA)-diets do not have the same effects because AAs cannot bind to major histocompatibility complex to activate T cells. Here, we show that impairment in regulatory T cell generation and loss of tolerance in mice fed a diet lacking whole protein is associated with major transcriptional changes in intestinal DCs including downregulation of genes related to DC maturation, activation and decreased gene expression of immune checkpoint molecules.

IgG from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p)-atopic individuals modulates non-atopic thymic B cell phenotype (alfa-4/beta-7) and cytokine production (IFN-γ, IL-9, and IL-10) with direct membrane interaction.

Studies about thymic B cells are scarce in the literature, but it was suggested that they can exert modulatory and regulatory functions on the immune system. Thymic B cells can play some role in regulating the most frequent allergic background worldwide, the atopy induced by the mite Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p). Here, we aimed to evaluate if the polyclonal IgG repertoire produced by Der p-atopic individuals can influence the homing and cytokine profile of human thymic B derived from non-atopic children aged less than seven days.

The Potential of IgG to Induce Murine and Human Thymic Maturation of IL-10+ B Cells (B10) Revealed in a Pilot Study.

Regulatory B (B10) cells can control several inflammatory diseases, including allergies; however, the origin of peripheral B10 cells is not fully understood, and the involvement of primary lymphoid organs (PLOs) as a primary site of maturation is not known. Here, using a murine model of allergy inhibition mediated by maternal immunization with ovalbumin (OVA), we aimed to evaluate whether B10 cells can mature in the thymus and whether IgG can mediate this process. Female mice were immunized with OVA, and offspring thymus, bone marrow, spleen, lung, and serum samples were evaluated at different times and after passive transfer of purified IgG or thymocytes.

Maternal IgG impairs the maturation of offspring intrathymic IL-17-producing γδT cells: Implications for murine and human allergies.

Background: The precise mechanism involved in the acquisition of the IL-17+ profile of γδT cells, the ligands responsible for this change, and whether this default is acquired during intrathymic maturation need to be elucidated.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether IL-17-producing γδT cells are present in the airways of tolerant offspring from allergen-sensitized mothers and the possible implication of maternal IgG in the generation of these cells.

Methods: Female mice were immunized or not, and the allergic response, frequency of γδT cell subsets and cytokine production of the offspring were analysed by flow cytometry.

Preconception immunization can modulate intracellular Th2 cytokine profile in offspring: influence of interleukin 10 and B/T cell collaboration.

Introduction: In the last few years our group has been studying the mechanisms involved in the inhibition of allergy in offspring mediated by preconception maternal immunization, but these mechanisms are not fully understood. Such mechanisms that we have studied aimed at the passive transfer of maternal antibodies and its influence on offspring immune status.

Aim Of The Study: To evaluate whether maternal immunization could modulate intracellular Th1/Th2 profiles in offspring.

Maternal immunization downregulates offspring TCD4 regulatory cells (Tregs) thymic maturation without implications for allergy inhibition.

The regulation of offspring allergy development mediated by maternal immunization was evidenced by several groups, and this mechanism seems to involve the induction of regulatory T cells (Tregs) on offspring. Here, we aimed to evaluate whether the effect of maternal immunization on offspring Tregs occurs as a result of peripheral or central modulation. Briefly, C57BL/6 female mice were immunized with OVA in Alum or Alum alone and boosted with OVA in saline or saline only after 10 and 20 days.

Preconceptional allergen immunization can induce offspring IL-17 secreting B cells (B17): do they share similarities with regulatory B10 cells?

Background: IL-17-producing B cells can be identified in both mice and human and were named B17 cells. The role of B17 cells still needs to be elucidated and its inflammatory or regulatory functions remain controversial.

Objective: We evaluate the effect of maternal immunization with OVA on offspring B cells that produces IL-17 and can show a regulatory potential by IL-10 production.

IgG from atopic dermatitis patients induces IL-17 and IL-10 production in infant intrathymic TCD4 and TCD8 cells.

Introduction: Our group recently demonstrated that IgG modulates αβT cell cytokine production during the maturation process in the human thymus. The effects of this modulation are IgG repertoire dependent and can exert a systemic and long-term impact.

Objective: To investigate whether IgG from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients can modulate cytokine production of infant intrathymic TCD4 and TCD8 cells in vitro.

Preconception allergen sensitization can induce B10 cells in offspring: a potential main role for maternal IgG.

Background: The mechanisms through which allergies can be inhibited after preconception immunization with allergens are not fully understood. We aimed to evaluate whether maternal immunization can induce a regulatory B (B10) cell population in offspring in concert with allergy inhibition.

Methods: C57BL/6 females were or were not immunized with OVA and were mated with normal WT males.

Peri-implant osseointegration after low-level laser therapy: micro-computed tomography and resonance frequency analysis in an animal model.

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the effects of low-level laser therapy on the osseointegration process by comparing resonance frequency analysis measurements performed at implant placement and after 30 days and micro-computed tomography images in irradiated vs nonirradiated rabbits. Fourteen male New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of seven animals each, one control group (nonirradiated animals) and one experimental group that received low-level laser therapy (Thera Lase®, aluminum-gallium-arsenide laser diode, 10 J per spot, two spots per session, seven sessions, 830 nm, 50 mW, CW, Ø 0.0028 cm).

Histomorphometric assessment of the influence of low-level laser therapy on peri-implant tissue healing in the rabbit mandible.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the peri-implant bone healing process in the rabbit mandible.

Background Data: LLLT has been shown to accelerate tissue repair and osseointegration of implants placed into the rabbit tibia. However, the beneficial effects of LLLT have never been tested in the rabbit mandible, which would more closely mimic the human situation.

Maternal immunization with ovalbumin or Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus has opposing effects on FcγRIIb expression on offspring B cells.

Background: Over the last decade, our group has demonstrated that murine preconception immunization with allergens has a protective effect on allergy development in offspring. The murine model used in the present study allowed us to compare allergy induction by ovalbumin (OVA) and dust mite extract from Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Dp).

Findings: Female mice were immunized with OVA or Dp.

Finite element analysis of masticatory stress on neoformed bone tissue after distraction osteogenesis and low-level laser therapy: a pilot study.

Objective: This study aimed to understand the action of masticatory forces on an implant virtually introduced into the sheep mandible after distraction osteogenesis and low-level laser therapy (LLLT) by using finite element analysis.

Background Data: Distraction osteogenesis as an alternative for bone reconstruction that may be used in the treatment of deformities.

Methods: Four ewes underwent distraction osteogenis to elongate the left mandibular body by 15 m, and three of them underwent LLLT with the purpose of improving bone properties.

Systemic effects of LLLT on bone repair around PLLA-PGA screws in the rabbit tibia.

To evaluate the systemic effects of low level laser therapy (LLLT) on the early stages of bone repair after implantation of poly-L-lactic/polyglycolic acid (PLLA-PGA) screws 24 rabbits were randomly allocated to one of two groups, experiment or control. Each animal underwent implantation of one 5 × 1.5 mm PLLA-PGA screw in each tibia (right and left).

Effect of low-level laser therapy on incorporation of block allografts.

Objective: To assess the effect of low-level laser therapy (LLLT) on the incorporation of deep-frozen block allografts in a rabbit model.

Background Data: Studies have shown that LLLT has beneficial effects on tissue repair and new bone formation.

Methods: Bone tissue was harvested from two rabbits, processed by deep-freezing and grafted into the calvaria of 12 animals, which were then randomly allocated into two groups: experimental (L) and control (C).

Retrospective study of prevalence of face fractures in southern Brazil.

Context: Trauma has been an important public health problem worldwide. Facial injuries are among the most common types of trauma treated at emergency departments, associated or not with injuries in other anatomic sites. The patterns of facial fractures are usually affected by geography and socioeconomic conditions.

Assessment of marginal adaptation after apicoectomy and apical sealing with Nd:YAG laser.

Objective: Recurrent periapical disease poses a substantial challenge to the dental practitioner. However, the use of novel methods and materials in periapical surgery has increased the success rates of treatment. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) retrofilling and apical sealing with Nd:YAG laser (at 10 Hz, 150 mJ, 1.

Assessment for treatment of tripod fractures of the zygoma with microcompressive screws.

Purpose: The present prospective study sought to evaluate a new rigid internal fixation device called a "neck screw," which was applied to patients presenting with a tripod fracture of the zygomaticomaxillary complex.

Patients And Methods: Seventeen patients with tripod fractures received surgical treatment from 2007 to 2010, and had their zygomaticomaxillary complex monofragments fixed using the neck screw protocol. The adequacy of fracture reduction, stability of the zygomatic monofragment after fixation, cosmetic outcomes, and postoperative complications were used to determine the efficacy of this protocol.

Retinoblastoma and p53 protein expression in pre-malignant oral lesions and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

The retinoblastoma (Rb) and p53 genes play a fundamental role in cell cycle mechanisms, and their deregulation is related to many steps of oral cancer carcinogenesis. This study was conducted to evaluate the expression of the p53 and Rb proteins in malignant and pre-malignant oral cavity lesions. This retrospective study was conducted at the Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Brazil, and the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Otorhinolaryngology Department at the University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Histological and physical analysis of bone neoformation by osteogenesis distraction: A preliminary report.

Introduction: Osteogenesis distraction (OD) is a mainstream technique in maxillofacial surgical reconstruction with varied applications. OD technique employs a distractor with the aim to get new bone in the site of interest. Osseous maturation time is necessary before the device can be removed and few patients' complaint of related discomfort, especially when these devices are external, and induces superficial infections, paresthesia, hypertrophic scars and social relationship difficulties.

Transference of virtual planning and planning over biomedical prototypes for dental implant placement using guided surgery.

Objectives: This study evaluated the transference of virtual planning and planning over biomedical prototypes for dental implant placement using guided surgery.

Material And Methods: This experiment was conducted with 11 identical replicas of a human edentulous mandible. For each mandible, models and surgical guides were manufactured using stereolithography.

Low-level laser therapy for implants without initial stability.

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of low-level infrared laser on removal torque values of implants with poor initial stability inserted in rabbit tibias.

Background Data: It is important to analyze the effects of laser radiation on bone repair when low-quality bone and implants with poor initial stability are used.

Materials And Methods: Thirty male white New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus Cuniculus) about 2 mo old and weighing 1.

Analysis of the systemic effect of red and infrared laser therapy on wound repair.

Objective: To evaluate, using histological analysis, the systemic action and repair process of wounds produced on the back of rats and treated with red, infrared, or both lasers applied directly or indirectly to the wounds.

Background Data: Skin tissue repair and wound healing are complex processes that involve a series of dynamic events. Many benefits are associated with biomodulation using laser therapy.