Immunostimulatory and Antibacterial Effects of L. Leaves on Broilers.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dried L. leaves as a phytogenic mixture added to broiler feed on CD4 and CD8 T lymphocyte subpopulations, Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antibody titres, and the presence of in faecal samples. The study was conducted on 100 male Ross 308 broilers, divided into four groups of 25 broilers, for a 42-day research period.

Impact of Deoxynivalenol and Zearalenone as Single and Combined Treatment on DNA, Cell Cycle and Cell Proliferation in HepG2 Cells.

The study aimed to investigate toxicity and the mechanism of toxicity of two mycotoxins, deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEA). DON and ZEA were applied to HepG2 cells as single compounds and in combination at low environmentally relevant concentrations. HepG2 cells were exposed to DON (0.

Prevalence and Characterization of Shiga Toxin Producing Isolated from Animal Feed in Croatia.

A survey on prevalence and number of Shiga toxin-producing () (STEC) in animal feed was carried out over a period of nine years in the Republic of Croatia. A total of 1688 feed samples were collected from feed factories and poultry farms. Analysis included two standard procedures: sample enrichment and (a) immunomagnetic separation and plating on two selective media; or (b) plating on two selective media.

Determination of Fumonisins in Grains and Poultry Feedstuffs in Croatia: A 16-Year Study.

Fumonisins are a group of closely related mycotoxins produced by and species. Their occurrence is correlated with various factors during growth, processing and storage. Fumonisins occurrence data in the literature mainly include the B group of fumonisins (FB1 & FB2) in raw materials, showing high frequency of positive samples in a wide range of concentrations.

Beneficial Effects of Laurel ( L.) and Myrtle ( L.) Extract on Rat Health.

Polyphenols of Laurel and Myrtle exhibit structural diversity, which affects bioavailability, metabolism, and bioactivity. The gut microbiota plays a key role in modulating the production, bioavailability and, thus the biological activities of phenolic metabolites, particularly after the intake of food containing high-molecular-weight polyphenols. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the polyphenolic components of Laurel and Myrtle aqueous extract have beneficial effects on rat health.

Correlation of deoxynivalenol and fumonisin concentration determined in maize by ELISA methods.

Maize (Zea mays) is one of the most common crops in Croatia that is often contaminated with mycotoxins. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method as a screening immunological method has become very popular in the determination of mycotoxins contamination of cereals, as it has many advantages such as a rapid and simple determination of their concentration. In this present study, 40 maize samples collected from animal feed factories were analyzed for the concentration of deoxynivalenol (DON) and fumonisin (FUM) using the validated ELISA method of two different kit manufacturers to investigate the correlation of the determined mycotoxins concentration.

The natural occurrence of T-2 toxin and fumonisins in maize samples in Croatia.

Maize (Zea mays) considered to be one of the most frequent crops in Croatia, is often contaminated with Fusarium mycotoxins. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible contamination of maize with T-2 toxin and fumonisins on 46 samples from different regions of Croatia. The highest concentrations of T-2 toxin and fumonisins were 210 and 25,200 ng/g, with mean values of 110 and 4,509 ng/g, respectively, pointing to maize contamination with these mycotoxins after the period of the year with extremely high rainfall.

T-2 toxin: incidence and toxicity in poultry.

T-2 toxin is the most toxic type A trichothecene mycotoxin. It is the secondary metabolite of the Fusarium fungi, and is common in grain and animal feed. Toxic effects have been shown both in experimental animals and in livestock.

A pathological condition possibly caused by spontaneous trichotecene poisoning in Brahma poultry: first report.

Trichotecene poisoning in poultry can cause oral lesions, haemorrhages, depletion and necrosis in the lymphopoetic organs and death. Spontaneous poisonings with these toxins are rarely described. This paper describes the spontaneous poisoning of two Brahma chickens with T-2 toxin, diacetoxyscirpenol and deoxynivalenol.