New Insights into the Diagnosis, Molecular Taxonomy, and Treatment of Bladder Cancer.

This review aims to emphasize new insights into the diagnosis, classification, and therapy of bladder cancer (BC). Bladder cancer is a heterogeneous, complex disease on a morphological, molecular, diagnostic, and prognostic level. Cancer stage is still the most important attribute for prognosis and treatment, while early detection with optimal and rapid individual therapeutic and surveillance approach is crucial.

Connexin 43 Expression in Primary Colorectal Carcinomas in Patients with Stage III and IV Disease.

Background/aim: Protein connexin 43 (Cx43), a part of intercellular gap junctions, is frequently down-regulated in tumors. The aim of the study was to compare Cx43 expression in primary colorectal tumors of patients with stage III and IV disease.

Patients And Methods: Immunohistochemical expression of Cx43 was analyzed in 50 colorectal adenocarcinomas from surgically-treated patients of stage pT3N1-2 without metastases (M0) and 50 specimens of the same pTN stage from patients with synchronous liver metastases (M1).

Sunitinib-induced thyrotoxicosis - a not so rare entity.

Background/aim: The tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) sunitinib malate is nowadays a standard first-line treatment option for patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and clinical course of thyrotoxicosis in our cohort of patients treated with sunitinib.

Patients And Methods: Medical records of all patients treated with first-line sunitinib for mRCC at our Institution between November 2008 and March 2014 were retrospectively reviewed.

Hypothyroidism as a predictive clinical marker of better treatment response to sunitinib therapy.

Background: Tyrosine kinase inhibitors are standard treatment in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). Several studies have indicated that side-effects including hypothyroidism may serve as potential predictive biomarkers of treatment efficacy.

Patients And Methods: All patients with clear cell mRCC treated with sunitinib in the first-line setting in our Center between November 2008 and October 2013 were included.

[Clinical guidelines for diagnosing, treatment and monitoring patients with bladder cancer--Croatian Oncology Society and Croatian Urology Society, Croatian Medical Association].

Urothelial cancer is the most common bladder cancer. Hematuria is the most common presenting symptom in patients with bladder cancer. The most common diagnostics of bladder cancer is performed by transurethral resection of bladder after which pathohistological diagnosis is set.

Splenic irradiation in hematologic malignancies and other hematologic disorders--single institution experience.

Splenic irradiation has long been known as a palliative treatment modality in patients with various malignant hematologic diseases aiming to ameliorate clinical symptoms of splenomegaly as well as clinical sequels of hypersplenism. It provides considerable effect with low toxicity although exact radiotherapy dose and fractionation schedule are not known. During the 1996-2010 period, eleven patients were treated at our institution with splenic irradiation.

Radiation therapy in treatment of fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva: a case report and review of the literature.

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an extremely rare genetic disorder with diffuse extra-skeletal bone formation. The genetic mutation responsible for FOP has recently been discovered and is connected with excessive activation of bone morphogenetic protein receptor. This disease usually begins with typical ossification pattern in early childhood, causing increasing disability and making patients totally disabled by the age of 30.

Parenchymal post-irradiation angiosarcoma: a case report.

Secondary angiosarcoma is an aggressive tumor that can develop in breast cancer patients treated with conserving therapy and radiotherapy. The symptoms can be misleading, whereas mammography and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) are typically negative in early stage of the disease. A high grade of clinical suspicion is very important for early diagnosis.