Role of optical coherence tomography in the early detection of macular thinning in rheumatoid arthritis patients with chloroquine retinopathy.

Background: Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are drugs that are primarily used for the treatment of malaria and are also recommended for treating connective tissue disorders, autoimmune diseases, and some dermatological and inflammatory diseases. Treatment with these drugs has potential risk for the development of retinopathy, clinically characterized by bilateral pigment changes in the macula, as one serious ocular complication. The aim of this research was to evaluate the parafoveal and perifoveal macular retinal thickness, as central foveal thickness in adult patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) on chloroquine therapy using optical coherence tomography (OCT).

INFLUENCE OF BODY MASS INDEX ON IN VITRO FERTILIZATION OUTCOME IN WOMEN WITH POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the body mass index on the outcome of in vitro fertilization in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.

Material And Methods: The study sample consisted of 123 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome who completed their in vitro fertilization treatment at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Clinical Center Nis. Republic of Serbia, and they were retrospectively analyzed.

Ocular surface disease incidence in patients with open-angle glaucoma.

Introduction: Ocular surface disease (OSD) is a multifactorial disease of the tears and ocular surface that results in symptoms of discomfort, visual disturbances, tear film instability with potential damage to the ocular surface, accompanied by increased tear film osmolarity and inflammation of the ocular surface. It is a consequence of disrupted homeostasis of lacrimal functional unit. The main pathogenetic mechanism stems from tear hyperosmolarity and tear film instability.

Optical coherence tomography in the evaluation of structural changes in primary open-angle glaucoma with and without elevated intraocular pressure.

Background/aim: Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy characterized by damage of the retinal ganglion cells and their axons and glial cells. The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences and connections between changes in the visual field and the thickness of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL), using optical coherence tomography (OCT) in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma with normal and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP).

Methods: This prospective study included 38 patients (38 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma with normal intraocular pressure (NTG) and 50 patients (50 eyes) with primary open-angle glaucoma with elevated intraocular pressure (HTG), paired by the same degree of structural glaucomatous changes in the optic nerve head and by age.

Atypical presentation of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome: Clinical and radiological characteristics in eclamptic patients.

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is an obstetric emergency frequently occurring in a pregnant or puerperal woman, manifested with an acute headache, consciousness impairment, seizures, and visual deficits and is associated with white matter changes predominantly affecting the posterior parietal and occipital lobes of the brain. Apart from the above-described typical location of the changes, the most common atypical location involves the brain stem and basal ganglia. Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is more sensitive and specific imaging technique compared to computerized tomography, establishing the diagnosis and follow-up in patients with PRES is based mainly on MRI findings.

Eyeworm infections in dogs and in a human patient in Serbia: A One Health approach is needed.

Thelazia callipaeda eyeworm has been frequently reported parasitizing humans in Asia. In Europe, the parasite is endemic in wild and domestic carnivores and only eight cases have been reported in humans so far. We describe the first case of human thelaziosis in Serbia, along with two cases in dogs from the same area.

Canine and human Dirofilaria infections in the Balkan Peninsula.

Dirofilaria immitis and Dirofilaria repens infections are mosquito-borne diseases, mainly of dogs. Both parasites are zoonotic, and they sometimes cause serious infections in humans. The aim of this short review was to examine the situation in the Balkan Peninsula, from where it is not always easy to obtain suitable data, often reported in journals and other publications difficult to be retrieved and with poor or no visibility.

A retrospective review of 139 major and minor salivary gland tumors.

Aim: To describe demographic and histomorphological characteristics of 139 patients with epithelial salivary gland tumors in the Southeastern Serbia population.

Methods: A total number of 139 patients with epithelial tumors arising in major and minor salivary glands in the period 2010-2012 was evaluated. After standard tissue proceeding, the routine haematoxylin-eosin (HE) and histochemical alcian blue-periodic acid-Schiff (AB - PAS) methods were used for histomorphological examination.

Retinal hemorrhages as one of complications of optic disc drusen during pregnancy.

Introduction: Drusen of the optic nerve head are relatively benign and asymptomatic. They represent retinal hyaline corpuscles resulting from impaired axoplasmic transport of the retinal ganglion cells of optic nerve in front of the lamina cribrosa. They are usually detected accidentally, during a routine ophthalmologic examination.

Comparative analysis of clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of Merkel cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To investigate both the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of a very rare skin cancer - Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) - and to review the relevant literature.

Methods: The study group was composed of 12 patients, with mean age 53.08±10.

[Operation of traumatic cataract with metal foreign body in the lens].

Introduction: We present a patient with perforative eye injury, a metal foreign body in the lens and traumatic cataract. The paper emphasises the importance of phacoemulsification in case of patients with a traumatic cataract and the presence of a metal foreign body.

Case Outline: A 41-year-old patient had a perforative wound of the cornea caused by a metal foreign body that also perforated the anterior lens capsule and remained in the paracentral anterior part of the lens.

Clinical, histopathological and immunohistological study of lymphoid disorders in the parotid gland of patients with Sjögren's syndrome.

Background/aim: Sjögren's syndrome is a chronic autoimmune systemic disease characterized by polyglandular tissue destruction, leading to keratoconjunctivitis sicca and xerostomia. These patients have 44-fold increased risk of developing salivary gland lymphoma, of which 80% are marginal zone (MALT) type. Having in mind that criteria for distinguishing benign lymphoepithelial lesions from MALT lymphoma are obscure, the aim of this study was to provide practical information that could be integrated into diagnostic practice.

[Unilatelaral iris plateau syndrome after the use of ecstasy].

Background: Courmon street name for 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) is ecstasy. This widely abused "recreational" drug causes both an increased release of monoamine neurotransmitters, including serotonine and dopamine, and an increased reuptake inhibition of serotonin. As a consequence, mydriasis and increased intraocular pressure (IOP) in predisposed patients occur.