Evaluation of a Parenting Program for Mothers With a Borderline Personality Disorder: A Multiple Baseline Single-Case Experimental Design Study.

Parents with borderline personality disorder (BPD) experience deficiencies in parenting skills leading to increased family burden, stress, mental health problems in children and even family violence. The present study evaluated a Dutch version of the parenting training based on Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) for mothers with BPD. A multiple baseline single-case experimental design study was conducted with standardized and idiosyncratic assessments of parenting behavior and parental stress before, biweekly during, and after training.

Single-Case Study of the Feasibility of Parent Training and Change in Parenting in Comparison to Baseline, in Adolescents With a Major Depressive Disorder.

Existing research has shown that parental behavior can influence the onset and persistence of adolescent depression; however, the initial treatment guidelines do not include parental involvement, and there is no established protocol for engaging parents. For this study, the Doepressie parent training protocol was designed to teach parents ways to help their child cope with depression, and this study sought to evaluate the feasibility and changes in parenting of combining individual cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for adolescents with parent training. Because of the heterogeneity observed in adolescents with depression, a single-case design study with daily diaries for parents was conducted.

Improving Infant Mental Health: A Pilot Study on the Effectiveness, Acceptability and Feasibility of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Storytelling in Infants With Post-traumatic Distress After Medical Procedures.

Although the prevalence of symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in infants and young children is similar as in older age groups, and PTSD intervention is as important in this age group, research on PTSD-treatment in infants is very scarce. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) Storytelling is a trauma-focused treatment that is being used by clinicians for infants with PTSD-symptoms. The aim was to assess the feasibility, acceptability and initial indications of effectiveness of EMDR Storytelling for infants aged 3-24 months with PTSD-symptoms after medical procedures.

Effectiveness of Narrative Exposure Therapy for Treatment of PTSD Following Childhood Trauma: A Single-Case Series Design.

Background: Narrative exposure therapy (NET) has shown promising outcomes for treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in refugees and veterans. Its effectiveness in patients with PTSD following childhood trauma is, however, still unknown.

Aims: We investigated whether NET is an effective treatment for patients with PTSD following childhood trauma.

Idiopathic premature ventricular complexes treatment: Comparison of flecainide, propafenone, and sotalol.

Background: Beta-blockers (BB) or dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are still the first choices in the treatment of idiopathic premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), with low-modest efficacy. Antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) of Ic class are moderate to highly efficient but the evidence on their benefits is still limited.

Aim: To compare effectiveness and safety of flecainide, propafenone, and sotalol in the treatment of symptomatic idiopathic PVCs.

How did the Treatment Work for Robin? And for Dylan? Studying Individual Youth Treatment Mediators Using Single-Case Experimental Designs.

Study of individual treatment mechanisms in youth interventions facilitates evidence-based development, selection and implementation of treatment components that are most effective for each individual child. This position paper aims to bring together two important topics from the area of youth intervention research: mediators of treatment outcomes and single-case experimental design methodology. We start by outlining the benefits of studying within-person mechanisms and propose how statistical mediation analysis and single-case methods can be integrated to enable this type of research.

A Multilevel Meta-analysis of Single-Case Research on Interventions for Internalizing Disorders in Children and Adolescents.

The effectiveness of interventions for internalizing disorders in children and adolescents was studied using a review and meta-analysis of published single-case research. Databases and other resources were searched for quantitative single-case studies in youth with anxiety, depressive, and posttraumatic stress disorders. Raw data from individual cases were aggregated and analyzed by means of multilevel meta-analytic models.

Testing Mediators of Youth Intervention Outcomes Using Single-Case Experimental Designs.

The major aim of this manuscript is to bring together two important topics that have recently received much attention in child and adolescent research, albeit separately from each other: single-case experimental designs and statistical mediation analysis. Single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) are increasingly recognized as a valuable alternative for Randomized Controlled Trials (RCTs) to test intervention effects in youth populations. Statistical mediation analysis helps provide understanding about the most potent mechanisms of change underlying youth intervention outcomes.

SLX4IP Antagonizes Promiscuous BLM Activity during ALT Maintenance.

Cancer cells acquire unlimited proliferative capacity by either re-expressing telomerase or inducing alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT), which relies on telomere recombination. Here, we show that ALT recombination requires coordinate regulation of the SMX and BTR complexes to ensure the appropriate balance of resolution and dissolution activities at recombining telomeres. Critical to this control is SLX4IP, which accumulates at ALT telomeres and interacts with SLX4, XPF, and BLM.

Correction to: Does executive function capacity moderate the outcome of executive function training in children with ADHD?

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The captions of Figures 1 and 2 were swapped.

Does executive function capacity moderate the outcome of executive function training in children with ADHD?

Executive functioning (EF) training interventions aimed at ADHD-symptom reduction have limited results. However, EF training might only be effective for children with relatively poor EF capacity. This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study examined whether pre-training EF capacity moderates the outcome of an EF-training intervention on measures of near transfer (EF performance) and far transfer (ADHD symptoms and parent-rated EF behavior) immediately after treatment and at 3-month follow-up.

Is Clinical Anxiety a Risk or a Protective Factor for Executive Functioning in Youth with ADHD? A Meta-regression Analysis.

Comorbidity rates between ADHD and anxiety disorders (AD) are high, but little is known about the nature of this co-occurrence. A dominant idea is that AD may intensify some (i.e.

What are the odds of anxiety disorders running in families? A family study of anxiety disorders in mothers, fathers, and siblings of children with anxiety disorders.

This family study investigated (1) the prevalence of anxiety disorders (ADs) in parents and siblings of children (n = 144) aged 8-18 years with ADs compared to control children (n = 49), and (2) the specificity of relationships between child-mother, child-father, and child-sibling ADs. Clinical interviews were used to assess current DSM-IV-TR ADs in children and siblings, and lifetime and current ADs in parents. Results showed that children with ADs were two to three times more likely to have at least one parent with current and lifetime ADs than the control children (odds ratio (OR) = 2.

Regulation of DNA repair pathway choice in S and G2 phases by the NHEJ inhibitor CYREN.

Classical non-homologous end joining (cNHEJ) and homologous recombination compete for the repair of double-stranded DNA breaks during the cell cycle. Homologous recombination is inhibited during the G1 phase of the cell cycle, but both pathways are active in the S and G2 phases. However, it is unclear why cNHEJ does not always outcompete homologous recombination during the S and G2 phases.

Ufd1-Npl4 Recruit Cdc48 for Disassembly of Ubiquitylated CMG Helicase at the End of Chromosome Replication.

Disassembly of the Cdc45-MCM-GINS (CMG) DNA helicase is the key regulated step during DNA replication termination in eukaryotes, involving ubiquitylation of the Mcm7 helicase subunit, leading to a disassembly process that requires the Cdc48 "segregase". Here, we employ a screen to identify partners of budding yeast Cdc48 that are important for disassembly of ubiquitylated CMG helicase at the end of chromosome replication. We demonstrate that the ubiquitin-binding Ufd1-Npl4 complex recruits Cdc48 to ubiquitylated CMG.

Executive function as a mediator in the link between single or complex trauma and posttraumatic stress in children and adolescents.

Purpose: In this study, we examined whether there is a mediating role of executive function (EF) in the relationship between trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress in youth.

Methods: Children and adolescents exposed to trauma were recruited at an academic center for child psychiatry in The Netherlands. The total sample consisted of 119 children from 9 to 17 years old (M = 13.

Are Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents Less Impairing Than ADHD and Autism Spectrum Disorders? Associations with Child Quality of Life and Parental Stress and Psychopathology.

We compared clinically referred children with anxiety disorders (AD; n = 63) to children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD; n = 39), ADHD Combined (ADHD-C; n = 62), ADHD Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I; n = 64), and typically developing children (n = 42) on child quality of life (QOL), paternal and maternal psychopathology and parental stress. Diagnoses were based on DSM-IV-TR criteria. Multilevel analyses showed that QOL in AD was higher on school and social functioning, compared to respectively ADHD and ASD, and lower compared to normal controls on all five domains.

The Replisome-Coupled E3 Ubiquitin Ligase Rtt101Mms22 Counteracts Mrc1 Function to Tolerate Genotoxic Stress.

Faithful DNA replication and repair requires the activity of cullin 4-based E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRL4), but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. The budding yeast Cul4 homologue, Rtt101, in complex with the linker Mms1 and the putative substrate adaptor Mms22 promotes progression of replication forks through damaged DNA. Here we characterized the interactome of Mms22 and found that the Rtt101(Mms22) ligase associates with the replisome progression complex during S-phase via the amino-terminal WD40 domain of Ctf4.

Negative Cognitive Errors in Youth: Specificity to Anxious and Depressive Symptoms and Age Differences.

Background: Negative cognitive errors are important in the etiology and treatment of youth internalizing problems, but less is known about their unique relations with anxiety and depression.

Aims: The major purpose of this study was to examine associations between distinct negative cognitive errors and anxiety and depression in youth.

Method: In a community sample of children and adolescents (aged 9-17; N = 278) negative cognitive errors were assessed using the revised version of the Children's Negative Cognitive Error Questionnaire (CNCEQ-R).

Effects of a combined parent-student alcohol prevention program on intermediate factors and adolescents' drinking behavior: A sequential mediation model.

Objective: Previous work revealed that the combined parent-student alcohol prevention program (PAS) effectively postponed alcohol initiation through its hypothesized intermediate factors: increase in strict parental rule setting and adolescents' self-control (Koning, van den Eijnden, Verdurmen, Engels, & Vollebergh, 2011). This study examines whether the parental strictness precedes an increase in adolescents' self-control by testing a sequential mediation model.

Methods: A cluster randomized trial including 3,245 Dutch early adolescents (M age = 12.

Parental Involvement in CBT for Anxiety-Disordered Youth Revisited: Family CBT Outperforms Child CBT in the Long Term for Children With Comorbid ADHD Symptoms.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine the efficacy of child cognitive-behavioral therapy (CCBT) versus family CBT (FCBT) in anxiety-disordered youth with high and low comorbid ADHD symptoms.

Method: Youth with anxiety disorders ( n = 123, aged 8-18) were classified in four groups according to (a) the type of CBT received (child vs. family) and (b) their comorbid ADHD symptoms, measured with the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) Attention Problems syndrome scale level (normal vs.

Evaluating statistical and clinical significance of intervention effects in single-case experimental designs: an SPSS method to analyze univariate data.

Single-case experimental designs are useful methods in clinical research practice to investigate individual client progress. Their proliferation might have been hampered by methodological challenges such as the difficulty applying existing statistical procedures. In this article, we describe a data-analytic method to analyze univariate (i.

Cognitive mediation of cognitive-behavioural therapy outcomes for anxiety-based school refusal.

Background: Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) has proven to be effective for anxiety-based school refusal, but it is still unknown how CBT for school refusal works, or through which mechanisms.

Aims: Innovative statistical approaches for analyzing small uncontrolled samples were used to investigate the role of self-efficacy in mediating CBT outcomes for anxiety-based school refusal.

Method: Participants were 19 adolescents (12 to 17 years) who completed a manual-based cognitive-behavioural treatment.

Ten ways to improve the use of statistical mediation analysis in the practice of child and adolescent treatment research.

Despite guidelines and repeated calls from the literature, statistical mediation analysis in youth treatment outcome research is rare. Even more concerning is that many studies that have reported mediation analyses do not fulfill basic requirements for mediation analysis, providing inconclusive data and clinical implications. As a result, after more than five decades of research, it is still largely unknown through which processes youth treatment works and what the effective treatment components are.