Creative Psychopharmacotherapy in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Experiences from Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: Paediatric psychopharmacology involves the application of psychotropic agents to the treatment of children and adolescents with mental disorders and gathered knowledge from child and adolescent psychiatry (CAP), neurology, paediatrics and pharmacology. Defining elements of this discipline are: the metabolism of drugs is different in children than in adults (pharmacokinetics), the developing brain reacts specifically to the drug (pharmaco dynamics), and psychopathology itself is not differentiated yet. To make and overview of specifics in psychopharmacological use in CAP and emphasize some experiences from Bosnia and Herzegovina in that field.

Organization of mental healthcare in Bosnia and Herzegovina during coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic.

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), like any other pandemic, has imposed an unprecedented threat to physical and mental health to all nations, worldwide. There is no enough evidence in the literature in this area. The present study has been done to explore the organization of psychiatric services in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) to meet mental health needs of BH citizens during the particular restrictive measures caused by COVID-19 pandemic.

Mental Disorders in Sexually Abused Children.

Sexual abuse in childhood is associated with many adverse consequences for survival during their lifetime. Numerous research studies clearly show the link between sexual abuse of children and the spectrum of unfavorable mental, social, sexual, interpersonal and behavioral as well as physical health consequences. Current research shows the strongest link between sexual abuse of children and the presence of depression, alcohol and abuse of other psychoactive substances and nutritional disorders in surviving women and anxiety-related disorders in male survivors.

Changing Diagnostic Category in Development Psychiatry.

Introduction: Many children and adolescents have mental problems that undermine their normal development and functioning. It is estimated that about 10% of children and adolescents suffer from mental disorders at a sufficiently severe level to cause some degree of damage and require treatment.

Aim: The aim of this paper is to determine whether there have been changes in the diagnostic categories in developmental psychiatry in children and adolescents treated at the Department for Children and Adolescent Psychiatry for the last fifteen years.

Stigma and Mental Disorders in Developmental Age.

Most mental disorders begin during developmental age. Different misinformation about mental illnesses cause anxiety, create stereotypes and promote stigma. Stigma has been identified as a likely key factor in mental health services access and utilization, particularly under-utilization of existing services especially in children with mental disorders.

First-psychotic episode in childhood and adolescence.

Introduction: Psychosis in childhood and adolescence are defines as having delusions or hallucinations, with the hallucinations occurring in the absence of insight into their pathological nature. A broader definition includes symptoms such as disorganised speech and grossly disorganised or catatonic behavior. Negative symptoms such as alogia, amotivation and anhedonia can be present.

Comorbidity in children and adolescent psychiatry.

Numerous epidemiological and clinical studies found a high incidence of comorbidity in children and adolescent psychiatry. In population of children and adolescents is most often described and researched comorbidity of depression, anxiety disorders, than in hyperkinetic and behavioral disorders, and finally the difficulty in reading (dyslexia) and antisocial behavior disorders. The common occurrence of two diagnoses may be the result of a disorder that has a complex pattern of symptoms, which apparently seems to be two disorders, but in fact is a single disorder.

Eating behavior disorders of female adolescents.

Background: Adolescence is a period of significant physical, emotional and intellectual changes, as well as changes in social roles, relations and expectations.

Objective: Our objective was to inquire into eating attitudes among female adolescents.

Subjects And Method: The sample consisted of female adolescents, age of 16-17, attending first grade Economic and Medical Secondary School pupils in Banja Luka, 2007.