Combined formative and summative professional behaviour assessment approach in the bachelor phase of medical school: a Dutch perspective.

Background: Teaching and assessment of professional behaviour (PB) has been receiving increasing attention in the educational literature and educational practice. Although the focus tends to be summative aspects, it seems perfectly feasible to combine formative and summative approaches in one procedural approach.

Aims And Method: Although, many examples of frameworks of professionalism and PB can be found in the literature, most originate from North America, and only few are designed in other continents.