A population-based birth cohort study of the association between childhood-onset asthma and exposure to industrial air pollutant emissions.

Background: Studies of the association between air pollution and asthma onset have mostly focused on urban and traffic-related air pollution. We investigated the associations between exposure to industrial emissions and childhood-onset asthma in a population-based birth cohort in Quebec, Canada, 2002-2011.

Methods: The cohort was built from administrative health databases.

Severe and Moderate Asthma Exacerbations in Asthmatic Children and Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants.

Background: It is well established that short-term exposure to ambient air pollutants can exacerbate asthma, the role of early life or long-term exposure is less clear. We assessed the association between severe asthma exacerbations with both birth and annual exposure to outdoor air pollutants with a population-based cohort of asthmatic children in the province of Quebec (Canada).

Method: Exacerbations of asthma occurring between 1 April 1996 and 31 March 2011 were defined as one hospitalization or emergency room visit with a diagnosis of asthma for children (<13 years old) already diagnosed with asthma.

Incidence, Prevalence, and Mortality Trends in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease over 2001 to 2011: A Public Health Point of View of the Burden.

Background. An increase of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence was reported in Canada despite the decline of the main risk factor. Objectives.

Childhood Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants and the Onset of Asthma: An Administrative Cohort Study in Québec.

Background: Although it is well established that air pollutants can exacerbate asthma, the link with new asthma onset in children is less clear.

Objective: We assessed the association between the onset of childhood asthma with both time of birth and time-varying exposures to outdoor air pollutants.

Method: An open cohort of children born in the province of Québec, Canada, was created using linked medical-administrative databases.

Understanding the evolution of multimorbidity: evidences from the North West Adelaide Health Longitudinal Study (NWAHS).

Objective: The aim of this study is to describe the evolution of multimorbidity.

Study Design And Setting: Data from 1854 South Australians who participated in the North West Adelaide longitudinal Health Study (NWAHS) was collected between baseline (2000-2002) and follow-up (2008-2010). Status for eight chronic diseases (CDs) was determined by biomedical measurement or self-report.

Atrophy and hypertrophy signalling of the quadriceps and diaphragm in COPD.

Background: Factors involved in the regulation of muscle mass in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are still poorly understood. Comparing the signalisation involved in muscle mass regulation between two muscles with different levels of activation within the same subjects is an interesting strategy to tease out the impact of local (muscle activity) versus systemic factors in the regulation of muscle mass. A study was undertaken to measure and compare the protein levels of p-AKT, AKT, Atrogin-1, p-p70S6K, p-4E-BP1, p-GSK3β as well as the mRNA expression of Atrogin-1, MuRF1 and FoxO-1 in the quadriceps and the diaphragm of 12 patients with COPD and 7 controls with normal lung function.

Muscle atrophy and hypertrophy signaling in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Rationale: The molecular mechanisms of muscle atrophy in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are poorly understood. In wasted animals, muscle mass is regulated by several AKT-related signaling pathways.

Objectives: To measure the protein expression of AKT, forkhead box class O (FoxO)-1 and -3, atrogin-1, the phosphophrylated form of AKT, p70(S6K) glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta), eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein-1 (4E-BP1), and the mRNA expression of atrogin-1, muscle ring finger (MuRF) protein 1, and FoxO-1 and -3 in the quadriceps of 12 patients with COPD with muscle atrophy and 10 healthy control subjects.

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in women.

Background: Little is known about the comparative impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) between women and men and about women's response to pulmonary rehabilitation.

Objectives: To compare lung function, disability, mortality and response to pulmonary rehabilitation between women and men with COPD.

Methods: In the present retrospective study, 68 women (mean age 62.

The effect of obesity on chronic respiratory diseases: pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies.

Sedentary lifestyles and increased pollution brought about by industrialization pose major challenges to the prevention of both obesity and chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, obstructive sleep apnea and obesity hypoventilation syndrome. Obesity has emerged as an important risk factor for these respiratory diseases, and in many instances weight loss is associated with important symptomatic improvement. Moreover, obesity may influence the development and presentation of these diseases.