Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Pathogenic Staphylococcus aureus in Packaged Ready-to-Eat Salads Treated with Biological Extracts.

Providing pathogen-free ready-to-eat (RTE) salads is critical for all consumers, especially individuals with weakened immunity. In this study, the efficacy of γ-irradiation on Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in freshly packaged salads (4.

Inactivation of biohazards in healthcare wastewater by E-Beam and Gamma irradiation: a comparative study.

The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of irradiation by Gamma rays and Electron Beam (E-Beam) on naturally occurring microorganisms shed in healthcare wastewater issued from multi-specialties hospital. We examined the susceptibility of naturally occurring total indicator bacteriophages towards Gamma rays and E-Beam irradiation to evaluate their appropriateness as viral indicators for healthcare wastewater quality control. Results showed that healthcare wastewater is a rich matrix containing bacteriophages surrogates of pathogenic waterborne viruses (4.

Occurrence of Staphylococcus spp. and investigation of fecal and animal viral contaminations in livestock, river water, and sewage from Tunisia and Romania.

The objective of this study was to determine the occurrence of Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia coli, somatic coliphages, F-specific RNA bacteriophages, hepatitis E virus (HEV), and bovine enterovirus (BEV) in fecal and water samples. The occurrence of Staphylococcus spp.

Comparison of the Performance of Different Microbial Source Tracking Markers among European and North African Regions.

Microbial source tracking (MST) has been extensively used to detect the sources of fecal pollution in water. The inclusion of MST in water management strategies improves the ecological status of the ecosystem and human and animal health under interdisciplinary analysis in all aspects of health care for humans, animals, and the environment (One Health approach). In this study, the performance of MST markers targeting host-specific Bacteroidales (HF183 and Rum-2-Bac) and species (HMBif and CWBif) were evaluated in raw sewage collected from human, ruminant, swine, and poultry sources in Tunisia, Cyprus, Ireland, and Spain.

Total coliphages removal by activated sludge process and their morphological diversity by transmission electron microscopy.

This study was conducted to isolate phages in treated sewage collected from wastewater treatment plant, and explore their morphological diversity by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Fates of total bacteriophages and their reduction by biological treatment were also assayed. Phages were isolated using the plaque assay then negatively stained and observed by electron microscope.

A comparison of two extraction methods for the detection of Enteroviruses in raw sludge.

The aim of this study was to compare two viral extraction methods for the detection of naturally occurring Enteroviruses in raw sludge. The first method (M1) is based on an ultracentrifugation step. In the second one (M2), viral RNA was extracted directly after viral elution from suspended solids.

Effect of gamma irradiation on bacteriophages used as viral indicators.

This study aimed to examine the susceptibility of indicator bacteriophages towards γ-radiation to evaluate their appropriateness as viral indicators for water quality control. The effects of γ-radiation on naturally occurring somatic coliphages, F-specific coliphages and Escherichia coli were examined in raw sewage and sewage sludge. As well, the effects of radiation on bacteriophages ΦX174 and MS2, and E.