Quality improvement collaborative for improving patient care delivery in Argentine public health sector intensive care units.

Background: The demand for healthcare services during the COVID-19 pandemic was excessive for less-resourced settings, with intensive care units (ICUs) taking the heaviest toll.

Objective: The aim was to achieve adequate personal protective equipment (PPE) use in 90% of patient encounters, to reach 90% compliance with objectives of patient flow (OPF) and to provide emotional support tools to 90% of healthcare workers (HCWs).

Methods: We conducted a quasi-experimental study with an interrupted time-series design in 14 ICUs in Argentina.

Ferroptosis of Microglia in Aging Human White Matter Injury.

Objective: Because the role of white matter (WM) degenerating microglia (DM) in remyelination failure is unclear, we sought to define the core features of this novel population of aging human microglia.

Methods: We analyzed postmortem human brain tissue to define a population of DM in aging WM lesions. We used immunofluorescence staining and gene expression analysis to investigate molecular mechanisms related to the degeneration of DM.

Multispectral LEDs Eliminate Lipofuscin-Associated Autofluorescence for Immunohistochemistry and CD44 Variant Detection by in Situ Hybridization in Aging Human, non-Human Primate, and Murine Brain.

A major limitation of mechanistic studies in aging brains is the lack of routine methods to robustly visualize and discriminate the cellular distribution of tissue antigens using fluorescent immunohistochemical multi-labeling techniques. Although such approaches are routine in non-aging brains, they are not consistently feasible in the aging brain due to the progressive accumulation of autofluorescent pigments, particularly lipofuscin, which strongly excite and emit over a broad spectral range. Consequently, aging research has relied upon colorimetric antibody techniques, where discrimination of tissue antigens is often challenging.

[Atypical cat scratch disease: Bartonella henselae ocular and meningeal involvement].

Bartonella henselae is the etiologic agent of cat scratch disease. It typically presents as a self-limited regional lymphadenopathy and less frequently with systemic involvement and extranodal manifestations: liver, spleen, bone, eye, among others. A case of atypical cat scratch disease is presented in an immunocompetent pediatric patient, in which meningeal and ocular involvement was evidenced, the latter manifested as neuroretinitis.

[Chronic granulomatous disease: multiple infections as clinical presentation. Pediatric case report].

Chronic granulomatous disease is an uncommon primary immunodeficiency due to a defect of the killing activity of phagocytes, caused by mutations in any of the genes encoding subunits of the superoxide-generating phagocyte NADPH oxidase system. The incidence is 1 in 250 000 live births. It can occur from infancy to adulthood, usually in children under 2 years.

Evaluation of minority populations of HIV type-1 with K103N and M184V drug resistance mutations among children in Argentina.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the frequency of minority populations of viruses carrying mutations K103N and M184V in drug-naive HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-infected children, and to further evaluate their effect on the selection of drug-resistant viruses within highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).

Methods: Newly diagnosed vertically HIV-1-infected children were evaluated. The HIV-1 pol gene was sequenced for subtyping and antiretroviral drug resistance analysis.

High frequency of primary mutations associated with antiretroviral drug resistance in recently diagnosed HIV-infected children.

Introduction: The aim of our study was to analyse the frequency of primary mutations associated with HIV drug resistance in a population of children born to HIV-infected mothers.

Design: A prospective study included newly HIV-diagnosed children treated at two public paediatric hospitals.

Patients And Methods: Clinical and antiretroviral therapy (ART) data were collected in mother-child pairs.