Does placental abruption cause neonatal anemia?

Introduction: Placental abruption can result in serious perinatal morbidity and mortality. However, it is not clear whether placental abruption could lead to neonatal anemia, as a direct relation has not been described yet. The objective of this study is to investigate whether there is a relation between occurrence of placental abruption and neonatal anemia.

New developments in corneal endothelial cell replacement.

Corneal transplantation is currently the most effective treatment to restore corneal clarity in patients with endothelial disorders. Endothelial transplantation, either by Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) or by Descemet stripping (automated) endothelial keratoplasty (DS(A)EK), is a surgical approach that replaces diseased Descemet membrane and endothelium with tissue from a healthy donor eye. Its application, however, is limited by the availability of healthy donor tissue.

Combined specular microscopy and Scheimpflug imaging to improve detection of an upcoming allograft rejection after DMEK.

Purpose: To assess whether combined analysis of specular microscopy and Scheimpflug imaging improves detection of an upcoming allograft rejection following Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of 22 eyes that had developed a clinical proven allograft rejection 28 (±22) months (range: 4-84 months) after DMEK. Specular microscopy and Scheimpflug images routinely made after DMEK were retrospectively analysed for changes in endothelial cell morphology (e.

Evaluation of the Suitability of Biocompatible Carriers as Artificial Transplants Using Cultured Porcine Corneal Endothelial Cells.

Unlabelled: Purpose/Aim: Evaluating the suitability of bioengineered collagen sheets and human anterior lens capsules (HALCs) as carriers for cultivated porcine corneal endothelial cells (pCECs) and in vitro assessment of the cell-carrier sheets as tissue-engineered grafts for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Materials And Methods: pCECs were isolated, cultured up to P2 and seeded onto LinkCell™ bioengineered matrices of 20 µm (LK20) or 100 µm (LK100) thickness, and on HALC. During expansion, pCEC viability and morphology were assessed by light microscopy.

Asymmetrical endothelial cell migration from in vitro Quarter-Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty grafts.

Purpose: To investigate in vitro central and peripheral corneal endothelial cell (EC) migration from Quarter-Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (Quarter-DMEK) grafts.

Methods: Quarter-DMEK grafts were obtained from 10 corneas ineligible for transplantation but with intact and viable ECs. Ten Quarter-DMEK grafts were 'sandwiched' between two glass slides and cultured over 1 week in a humidified atmosphere at 37 °C and 5% CO .

In Vivo Endothelial Cell Density Decline in the Early Postoperative Phase After Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To evaluate endothelial cell density (ECD) in the first 6 months after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) by eliminating method error as a confounding variable.

Methods: From 24 DMEK eyes operated for Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy, from which specular microscopy images could be taken at 1 day and 6 months postoperatively, ECD values were compared between these 2 time points.

Results: Using the 1-day ECD measurement as baseline, mean ECD decreased from 1913 (±326) cells/mm to 1524 (±393) cells/mm at 6 months, a decline of -18 (±19)%.

Minimizing Graft Preparation Failure in Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To report the failure rate of 2 graft preparation techniques for Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and to evaluate how to minimize graft preparation failure.

Methods: Retrospective, nonrandomized study at an eye bank specialized in graft preparation for lamellar keratoplasty. For 1416 donor corneas, the DMEK graft preparation failure rate was evaluated for 2 different techniques, technique I: "Standardized traditional technique" (n = 341) and technique II: "Standardized no-touch technique" (n = 933), and for grafts that were converted from technique II to technique I during preparation (n = 142).

Histopathology of Failed Descemet Membrane Endothelial Transfer.

Objectives: To describe the postmortem histologic features after an unsuccessful Descemet membrane endothelial transfer (DMET) and assess any potential clinical implications.

Methods: Postmortem, an eye from a patient who previously underwent unsuccessful DMET for pseudophakic bullous keratopathy (PPBK) was harvested and processed for morphologic evaluation.

Results: Clinically and histologically, the host cornea showed evidence of diffuse stromal edema.

Outcome and Histopathology of Secondary Penetrating Keratoplasty Graft Failure Managed by Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To describe the clinical outcome and histopathology of Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) performed for secondary graft failure after penetrating keratoplasty (PK).

Methods: A total of 11 eyes from 10 patients who underwent DMEK for secondary PK graft failure at a tertiary referral center were included in this retrospective study. Best-corrected visual acuity, endothelial cell density, and central pachymetry were evaluated before and at regular time intervals up to 36 months after DMEK and complications were recorded; 1 post mortem cornea was available for light microscopy.

360-Degree Scheimpflug Imaging to Predict Allograft Rejection After Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To describe the use of 360-degree Scheimpflug imaging as a diagnostic tool for detection and documentation of subtle corneal changes preceding upcoming allograft rejection after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: A total of 17 eyes (16 patients) were diagnosed with clinically manifest allograft rejection 2 to 42 months after DMEK. 360-degree Scheimpflug images of consecutive follow-up examinations (from 3-60 mo) of "asymptomatic" eyes before, during, and after rejection were retrospectively analyzed, to determine which abnormalities could be detected before allograft rejection became clinically manifest.

Histopathologic Features of Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty Graft Remnants, Folds, and Detachments.

Purpose: To describe the histologic features of postmortem eyes after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) and their potential clinical implications.

Design: Histopathologic study.

Participants: Eleven postmortem DMEK corneas of 8 patients who underwent surgery for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, with an average postoperative time of 4±1.

Sex Chromosome Analysis of Postmortem Corneal Endothelium After Sex-Mismatch Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To identify the origin of corneal endothelial cells (host or donor) present on grafts at various time points after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) of sex chromosomes on post mortem corneas with sex mismatch between the donor and host.

Methods: Corneoscleral buttons of 6 post mortem DMEK eyes of 4 patients, operated for Fuchs endothelial dystrophy, with an average postoperative time of 2.6 (±1.

"Salt and Pepper Endothelium" Recurring After Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Purpose: To describe the presence of "salt and pepper endothelium", that is, typical cellular inclusion bodies in a patient with Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD), that recurred in the donor corneal endothelial cells after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Methods: A 76-year-old man underwent DMEK for FECD in his left eye. Routine specular microscopy imaging, best-corrected visual acuity measurements, and pachymetry measurements were performed before and after surgery.

Association Between Graft Storage Time and Donor Age With Endothelial Cell Density and Graft Adherence After Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty.

Importance: After retrospectively evaluating the clinical outcome of 500 consecutive cases after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), we extended the analysis in this study by assessing the effect of donor-related parameters on endothelial cell density (ECD) decline and detachment rate in this group.

Observations: This retrospective case series included 500 cases who had undergone DMEK from October 2007 to September 2012 at the Netherlands Institute for Innovative Ocular Surgery (NIIOS), Rotterdam, the Netherlands. Logistic regression analysis (n = 332 eyes) showed that donor age might be associated with a 3% increase in the risk for a detachment (odds ratio, 0.

Dehydration of corneal anterior donor tissue with polyethylene glycol (PEG)-enriched media.

Anterior donor grafts (including scleral rim, without Descemet membrane) increase in thickness and become hazy upon storage in organ culture (OC) medium. Transfer of these grafts to standard dehydration media just before transplantation does not reduce their thickness to normal. Therefore, we assessed the efficacy of different media enriched with polyethylene glycol (PEG) as dehydrating agents for organ-cultured anterior donor grafts.

Postmortem ultrastructural analysis of a cornea transplanted with Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the ultrastructure of the host-donor interface in the eye of a recently deceased patient, who had undergone Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Methods: The eye was enucleated postmortem, and after standard decontamination, the corneoscleral button was excised, cut into 4 quadrants, and processed for light and transmission electron microscopy evaluation.

Results: Transmission electron microscopy revealed close attachment of the donor's Descemet membrane to the host's stroma and projection of stromal collagen fibers into the interfacial matrix, resembling a normal "virgin" corneal architecture.

Endothelial cell changes as an indicator for upcoming allograft rejection following descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty.

Purpose: To report early, specific changes in donor endothelial cell morphology as a predictor of an upcoming allograft rejection after Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK).

Design: Retrospective, observational case series.

Methods: Out of a cohort of 500 eyes that underwent DMEK at a tertiary referral center, 7 eyes developed typical clinical signs of an allograft rejection.

Descemet membrane endothelial transfer.

Purpose Of Review: To elaborate on the recent concept of Descemet membrane endothelial transfer (DMET) and to explore the concepts that underpin its success through reviewing the key articles that have challenged our current understanding of corneal endothelial cell behavior.

Recent Findings: DMET challenges the paradigm that complete graft-host apposition is required for successful corneal clearance in endothelial keratoplasty. It offers the promise of a simpler procedure to restore corneal clarity.

Dyes for Eyes™: hydrodynamics, biocompatibility and efficacy of 'heavy' (dual) dyes for chromovitrectomy.

As epiretinal membranes (ERMs), the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and the vitreous cortex are essentially transparent tissues, or translucent structures, nontraumatic removal may be challenging in various types of macular surgery. Vital dyes stain these thin tissues, thus allowing for better visualization of these structures during vitrectomy and selective 'membrane peeling' from the underlying retina. To avoid swirling of the dye within the fluid-filled vitreous cavity, and to better target the dye onto the macula, a fluid-air exchange is commonly performed.

Novel 'heavy' dyes for retinal membrane staining during macular surgery: multicenter clinical assessment.

Purpose:   To evaluate the feasibility of two novel 'heavy' dye solutions for staining the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and epiretinal membranes (ERMs), without the need for a prior fluid-air exchange, during macular surgery.

Methods:   In this prospective nonrandomized multicenter cohort study, the high molecular weight dyes ILM-Blue™ [0.025% brilliant blue G, 4% polyethylene glycol (PEG)] and MembraneBlue-Dual™ (0.

Are polymegethism, pleomorphism, and "poor swelling" valid discard parameters in immediate postmortem evaluation of human donor corneal endothelium?

Purpose: To study the validity of endothelial polymegethism, pleomorphism, and "poor swelling" as tissue discard parameters in the immediate postmortem evaluation of human donor corneal endothelium.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated the quality of the endothelium at first and second evaluations for all processed corneas exhibiting moderate polymegethism, pleomorphism, or "poor swelling" in our eye bank over a 5-year period.

Results: Out of 2008 eyes qualifying for our study, 422 corneas (21%) showed polymegethism, pleomorphism, or poor swelling at the first tissue evaluation immediately after excision of the corneoscleral button.

Standardized 'no-touch' donor tissue preparation for DALK and DMEK: harvesting undamaged anterior and posterior transplants from the same donor cornea.

Purpose: To describe a standardized 'no-touch' harvesting technique of anterior and Descemet membrane (DM) grafts for use in deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) and Descemet membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK), which provides undamaged anterior and posterior corneal grafts.

Methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed of our standard method for harvesting DM grafts and DALK grafts (Technique I; n = 31) versus a newly designed 'no-touch' technique (Technique II; n = 31), in which a peripheral ring of trabecular meshwork tissue is left in-situ, and the DM graft is trephined on an underlying soft contact lens. Endothelial cell density (ECD) before and immediately after DM stripping was used as the main outcome parameter.

Combined chlorhexidine and PVP-I decontamination of human donor eyes prior to corneal preservation.

The aim of this study was to report the efficacy of adding chlorhexidine to the protocol for decontamination of human donor globes prior to excision of corneo-scleral rims for future keratoplasty procedures. In 2005, chlorhexidine was introduced by our eye bank as an additional step in the protocol for decontaminating human donor globes. After 5 years, we prospectively evaluated the number of contaminations.

The impact of CD4+Foxp3+ Treg on immunity to murine cytomegalovirus after bone marrow transplantation depends on the peripheral or thymic source of T cell regeneration.

Objective: The adoptive transfer of regulatory T cells (Treg) in murine models has been shown to ameliorate graft-versus-host disease while it may preserve the graft-versus-leukemia effect. However, the impact of Treg on infectious immunity after bone marrow transplantation (BMT) is still unclear. Immunocompetence against opportunistic viral infections depends on the kinetics of T cell recovery after BMT through two distinctive processes, i.

Keratinocyte growth factor improves allogeneic bone marrow engraftment through a CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell-dependent mechanism.

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) protects mice from acute graft-vs-host disease and graft rejection by cytoprotective and yet incompletely understood immunological mechanisms. Recently, we showed that administration of KGF induces selective peripheral expansion of CD4(+)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells (Treg). In this study, we set out to assess whether the peripheral expansion of Treg accounts for the immunomodulatory effects of KGF after bone marrow (BM) transplantation.