Recording injuries only during winter competitive season underestimates injury incidence in elite alpine skiers.

Current epidemiological studies in elite alpine skiers are mostly limited to retrospective surveys on in-season injury. The aim of this study was to determine the risk and pattern of injury in elite alpine skiers during the winter competitive season (WCS) and the summer off-season (SOS). European Cup skiers were prospectively followed during 5 complete years.

Features of Chronic Exertional Compartmental Syndrome of the Leg in Elite Nordic Skiers.

This study aimed to assess prevalence and incidence of chronic exertional compartmental syndrome as well as functional outcomes after surgery in elite Nordic skiers. An exhaustive list of 294 elite Nordic skiers from the French national teams between 1994 and 2014 was analyzed through their individual medical files in order to identify cases of chronic exertional compartmental syndrome. Eighteen athletes had confirmed diagnosis and performed a structured interview to identify factors associated with chronic exertional compartmental syndrome and surgery outcomes.

Return to Sport Among French Alpine Skiers After an Anterior Cruciate Ligament Rupture: Results From 1980 to 2013.

Background: There is little known about return to sport and performance after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear in high-level alpine skiers.

Purpose: To analyze the parameters that influence the return to sport and performance after an ACL tear in French alpine skiers from 1980 to 2013.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.

Eighty percent of French sport winners in Olympic, World and Europeans competitions have mutations in the hemochromatosis HFE gene.

The HFE gene encodes a protein involved in iron homeostasis; individuals with mutations in both alleles develop hemochromatosis. 27% of the French population is heterozygous for mutations in this gene. We found that 80% of the French athletes who won international competitions in rowing, Nordic skiing and judo display mutations in one allele of HFE, thus demonstrating the existence of a favourable phenotype linked to this heterozygosity.

The incidence of anterior cruciate ligament injuries among competitive Alpine skiers: a 25-year investigation.

Background: Little is known about the evolution of anterior cruciate ligament injury rates among elite alpine skiers.

Purpose: To evaluate epidemiologic aspects of anterior cruciate ligament injuries among competitive alpine skiers during the last 25 years.

Study Design: Descriptive epidemiology study.