Immediate Diagnosis of Breast Carcinoma on Core Needle Biopsy Using Ex Vivo Fluorescence Confocal Microscopy: Feasibility in a One-Stop Breast Clinic Workflow.

Background: In the one-stop breast clinic setting, breast cytology traditionally provides immediate diagnosis of carcinoma. Fluorescence confocal microscopy (FCM) is an emerging optical technique enabling ex vivo analysis of breast biopsies in real-time. This study represents the first proof of concept for integrating FCM imaging into the routine workflow of breast core needle biopsies (CNB) at Gustave Roussy's one-stop breast clinic.

Oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy with hepatic arterial versus intravenous infusion in metastatic colorectal cancer.

Background: Oxaliplatin, a major drug in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC), is responsible for cumulative, dose-limiting peripheral neuropathy (PN). Whether the hepatic arterial infusion (HAI) route can limit oxaliplatin-induced PN in comparison with the intravenous (IV) route has not been specifically explored so far.

Methods: We compared the frequency and severity of PN in oxaliplatin-naive patients with mCRC included in trials that evaluated treatment with oxaliplatin administered either by HAI (ACCORD 04, CHOICE, OSCAR, and PACHA-01 trials) or by IV route (FFCD 2000-05 trial).

Precision medicine for KRAS wild-type pancreatic adenocarcinomas.

Background: KRAS mutation is the most common molecular alteration in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDAC), and around 10% of patients harbor KRAS wild-type tumors (KRAS).

Methods: A retrospective chart review of clinical/molecular data was performed including all PDAC patients with a determined KRAS status (tumor molecular profiling on tissue or liquid biopsy).

Results: 342 patients were included with 54 KRAS PDAC (16%) compared to 288 patients with KRAS PDAC.

Multimodal liquid biopsy for early monitoring and outcome prediction of chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer.

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) are two cancer-derived blood biomarkers that inform on patient prognosis and treatment efficacy in breast cancer. We prospectively evaluated the clinical validity of quantifying both CTCs (CellSearch) and ctDNA (targeted next-generation sequencing). Their combined value as prognostic and early monitoring markers was assessed in 198 HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer patients.

Plasma thymidine kinase 1 activity and outcome of ER+ HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients treated with palbociclib and endocrine therapy.

Purpose: Previous cohort studies have reported plasma TK1 activity (pTKa) as a potential prognostic biomarker in estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) HER2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer (MBC). In this prospective study, we report here the prognostic impact of pTKa in ER+/HER2- MBC patients treated with endocrine therapy and CDK4/6 inhibitor.

Experimental Design: Patients were included into the prospective, ethics committee-approved ALCINA study (NCT02866149).

High-Accuracy Determination of Microsatellite Instability Compatible with Liquid Biopsies.

Background: Microsatellite instability (MSI) has recently emerged as a predictive pan-tumor biomarker of immunotherapy efficacy, stimulating the development of diagnostic tools compatible with large-scale screening of patients. In this context, noninvasive detection of MSI from circulating tumor DNA stands as a promising diagnostic and posttreatment monitoring tool.

Methods: We developed drop-off droplet-digital PCR (ddPCR) assays targeting BAT-26, activin A receptor type 2A (ACVR2A), and defensin beta 105A/B (DEFB105A/B) microsatellite markers.

Craniofacial second primary tumors in patients with germline retinoblastoma previously treated with external beam radiotherapy: A retrospective institutional analysis.

Background: The long-term survival of germline retinoblastoma patients is decreased due to the risk of second primary tumors (SPTs) that occur years after the diagnosis of retinoblastoma. This risk is related to genetic predisposition and other factors, such as the treatment of retinoblastoma by external beam radiotherapy (EBRT).

Procedure: We studied the incidence, risk factors, and prognosis of specific craniofacial SPTs developed within the margins of radiation field in a cohort of 209 patients with germline retinoblastoma treated with EBRT at our institution between 1977 and 2010.

Toxicity of locoregional radiotherapy in combination with bevacizumab in patients with non-metastatic breast cancer (TOLERAB): Final long-term evaluation.

Background And Purpose: Few data are available concerning the safety of bevacizumab (B) in combination with locoregional radiation therapy (RT). The objective of this study was to evaluate the 5-year late toxicity of concurrent B and RT in non-metastatic breast cancer.

Materials And Methods: This multicentre prospective study included non-metastatic breast cancer patients enrolled in phase 3 clinical trials evaluating B with concurrent RT versus RT alone.

Radiotherapy or Autologous Stem-Cell Transplantation for Primary CNS Lymphoma in Patients 60 Years of Age and Younger: Results of the Intergroup ANOCEF-GOELAMS Randomized Phase II PRECIS Study.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy and toxicity of chemoimmunotherapy followed by either whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) or intensive chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell transplantation (ASCT) as a first-line treatment of primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL).

Patients And Methods: Immunocompetent patients (18 to 60 years of age) with untreated PCNSL were randomly assigned to receive WBRT or ASCT as consolidation treatment after induction chemotherapy consisting of two cycles of R-MBVP (rituximab 375 mg/m day (D) 1, methotrexate 3 g/m D1; D15, VP16 100 mg/m D2, BCNU 100 mg/m D3, prednisone 60 mg/kg/d D1-D5) followed by two cycles of R-AraC (rituximab 375 mg/m D1, cytarabine 3 g/m D1 to D2). Intensive chemotherapy consisted of thiotepa (250 mg/m/d D9; D8; D7), busulfan (8 mg/kg D6 through D4), and cyclophosphamide (60 mg/kg/d D3; D2).

Growth curves for French people with Down syndrome from birth to 20 years of age.

We present new and complete growth charts for 2,598 healthy French children and adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) from 0 to 20 years old, obtained with highly reliable statistical methods. This study is retrospective and addresses data collected over a period of 12 years, monocentric and with a satisfactory representation of the population nationwide. Final occipito-frontal circumference (OFC) is at the fifth percentile compared to WHO charts, with a drop between 12 and 18 months.

Early central blood pressure elevation in adult patients with 21-hydroxylase deficiency.

Context: Controversial data exist on cardiovascular damages in patients with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH).

Objective: To assess blood pressure and early cardiovascular damages on a large cohort of adult CAH patients and control individuals.

Design: Case-control study.

Machine Learning for Better Prognostic Stratification and Driver Gene Identification Using Somatic Copy Number Variations in Anaplastic Oligodendroglioma.

Background: 1p/19q-codeleted anaplastic gliomas have variable clinical behavior. We have recently shown that the common 9p21.3 allelic loss is an independent prognostic factor in this tumor type.

Cdk4/6 inhibitors and overall survival: power of first-line trials in metastatic breast cancer.

Palbociclib, ribociclib, and abemaciclib have been investigated in combination with aromatase inhibitors as first-line therapy for metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (PALOMA-2, MONALEESA-2 and MONALEESA-7, MONARCH-3 trials, respectively); pivotal trials led to absolute median progression-free survival (PFS) gain of about 15 months. We aimed to estimate, for each trial, the statistical power to demonstrate a significant gain in overall survival (OS). Power was calculated with Freedman's formula.

Temozolomide Plus Bevacizumab in Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Glioblastoma and Poor Performance Status: An ANOCEF Phase II Trial (ATAG).

Lessons Learned: Results suggest that the combination of bevacizumab plus temozolomide is active in terms of response rate, survival, performance, quality of life, and cognition in elderly patients with glioblastoma multiforme with poor performance status.Whether this combination is superior to temozolomide alone remains to be demonstrated by a randomized study.

Background: The optimal treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) in patients aged ≥70 years with a Karnofsky performance status (KPS) <70 is not established.

Effect of maternal obesity on birthweight and neonatal fat mass: A prospective clinical trial.

Objective: To discriminate the effect of maternal obesity and gestational diabetes on birth weight and adipose tissue of the newborn.

Methods: Normal BMI women (group N, n = 243; 18.5≤ BMI<25 kg/m2) and obese women (group Ob, n = 253; BMI≥30 kg/m2) were recruited in a prospective study between 15 and 18 weeks of gestation.

Anthropometric charts and congenital anomalies in newborns with Down syndrome.

The objectives of this study were to obtain updated neonatal measurements in French newborns with Down Syndrome (DS) according to their gestational age, and to assess the frequency and distribution of congenital anomalies. Data on congenital malformations, birth weight, birth length and birth occipito-frontal circumference (OFC) according to the gestational age was gathered from 1,030 babies, born between 1980 and 2010. The mean gestational age was 38 weeks from the date of the last menstrual period (LMP) (range: 29-42 weeks).

Cigarette Smoking During Pregnancy: Do Complete Abstinence and Low Level Cigarette Smoking Have Similar Impact on Birth Weight?

Objectives: Despite awareness of negative health outcomes associated with smoking, pregnant smokers might reduce their tobacco consumption thinking that a low smoking rate reduces smoking-related negative birth outcomes. We aimed to assess in a clinical sample whether there is a smoking rate that would not impact on birth weight (BW).

Methods: Pregnant smokers ≥18 years, gestational age of 9-20 weeks of amenorrhea, motivated to quit smoking, smoking ≥5 cigarettes/day (cpd) and their newborns (381 singleton, live births) were included in this secondary analysis of a French smoking cessation trial.

Early diaphragm pacing in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (RespiStimALS): a randomised controlled triple-blind trial.

Background: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with respiratory muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Non-invasive ventilation alleviates respiratory symptoms and prolongs life, but is a palliative intervention. Slowing the deterioration of diaphragm function before respiratory failure would be desirable.