Time trajectories of key cardiometabolic parameters and of cardiovascular risk in subjects with diabetes in a real world setting.

Background And Aims: Diabetes is associated with increased cardiovascular risk. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA), lipid parameters and blood pressure are known risk factors for adverse outcome. The aim of the study was to explore the time trajectories of these key parameters and of the associated cardiovascular risk.

Inpatient hyperglycaemia, and impact on morbidity, mortality and re-hospitalisation rates.

Introduction: Hyperglycaemia is related to poorer outcomes among hospital inpatients. We investigated the impact of hyperglycaemia at admission on length of hospital stay, readmission rate and mortality rate.

Method: We retrospectively analysed the records of 1,132 patients admitted to hospital in January 2019, April 2019, August 2019 and April 2020.

Prevalence rates of metabolic health and body size phenotypes by different criteria and association with insulin resistance in a Maltese Caucasian population.

Introduction: Hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance are known to be associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. A metabolically unhealthy phenotype is frequently used as a surrogate marker for insulin resistance. The aims of the current study were to compare the prevalence of the body size phenotypes using different definitions of metabolic health and to investigate which one of them is most strongly associated with insulin resistance in men and women.

Obesity and cardio-metabolic health.

Obesity is a major and growing global health problem. It is associated with increased mortality as a result of an increasing number of complications, including type 2 diabetes, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, non-alcoholic hepatic steatosis, cardiovascular disease, sleep apnoea, gallbladder disease, obesity-related renal disease, increased risk of falls and injuries, and mental health problems as well as increased risk of certain malignancies. This article discusses the metabolic derangements associated with obesity.