Interplay Between Membrane Lipid Peroxidation and Photoproduct Formation in the Ultraviolet A-Induced Phototoxicity of Vemurafenib in Skin Keratinocytes.

According to some authors, the phototoxic response to ultraviolet A (UVA) of patients treated with vemurafenib (VB) may involve VB metabolites. However, the production of singlet oxygen and free radicals and photoproduct formation upon UVA light absorption by the lipophilic VB have been demonstrated. This work is aimed at determining the contribution of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid photoperoxidation, and VB photochemistry in the UVA-induced photocytotoxicity in NCTC 2544 keratinocytes.

Biomarkers of apoptosis and necrosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib.

Background/aim: Sorafenib is the medical reference for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Multiple forms of cytotoxicity are induced by sorafenib in HCC cells in vitro but it is unclear what extent of apoptosis and necrosis is induced in HCC patients receiving sorafenib.

Patients And Methods: The M30 and M65 biomarkers, which reflect the release of cytokeratin-18 and its apoptotic cleavage fragments, were measured in patients with HCC (n=36) and matched patients with cirrhosis (n=47).

Low UVA doses activate the transcription factor NFAT in human fibroblasts by a calcium-calcineurin pathway.

UVA radiation induces an inflammatory response as observed in erythema, and the cytokine genes involved in this response are under the control of the transcription factor NFAT (nuclear factor of activated T lymphocytes). The effects of UVA on NFAT DNA binding activity were investigated in cultured human fibroblasts. A dose-dependent increase was observed within the range of 0.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein elicits an intracellular calcium rise and increases the binding activity of the transcription factor NFAT.

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) plays a key role in the generation and progression of atherosclerosis, which might be considered as an inflammatory disease. The transcription factor NFAT(Nuclear Factor of Activated T cells) plays an important role in the control of cytokine genes involved in the inflammatory response. The effect of copper-oxidized LDL (CuLDL) and monocyte-oxidized LDL (M-LDL) on the DNA-binding activity of NFAT was investigated in the T lymphocyte cell line Jurkat.

Inhibition of insulin signaling by oxidized low density lipoprotein. Protective effect of the antioxidant Vitamin E.

Oxidative stress is involved in several pathological conditions, including diabetes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been demonstrated to act as second messengers for several hormones and cytokines, including insulin (INS). The effect of Cu(2+)-oxidized LDL (CuLDL) on INS-induced generation of ROS and on INS signaling was investigated on cultured human fibroblasts.