Classification of psychodermatological disorders: Proposal of a new international classification.

Introduction: Several classifications of psychodermatology disorders have been proposed, with most of them based on two to four main disorder category groups. However, there is, to date, no classification that has resulted from a consensus established by psychodermatology experts. The DSM-5-TR (Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.

Systematic classification of melanoma cells by phenotype-specific gene expression mapping.

There is growing evidence that the metastatic spread of melanoma is driven not by a linear increase in tumorigenic aggressiveness, but rather by switching back and forth between two different phenotypes of metastatic potential. In vitro these phenotypes are respectively defined by the characteristics of strong proliferation/weak invasiveness and weak proliferation/strong invasiveness. Melanoma cell phenotype is tightly linked to gene expression.

Differential LEF1 and TCF4 expression is involved in melanoma cell phenotype switching.

Recent observations suggest that melanoma cells drive disease progression by switching back and forth between phenotypic states of proliferation and invasion. Phenotype switching has been linked to changes in Wnt signalling, and we therefore looked for cell phenotype-specific differences in the levels and activity of β-catenin and its LEF/TCF co-factors. We found that while cytosolic β-catenin distribution is phenotype-specific (membrane-associated in proliferative cells and cytosolic in invasive cells), its nuclear distribution and activity is not.

Human CD271-positive melanoma stem cells associated with metastasis establish tumor heterogeneity and long-term growth.

Human melanoma is composed of distinct cell types reminiscent of neural crest derivatives and contains multipotent cells that express the neural crest stem cell markers CD271(p75(NTR)) and Sox10. When isolated from solid tumors by using a method that leaves intact cell surface epitopes, CD271-positive, but not CD271-negative, cells formed tumors on transplantation into nude or nonobese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficient (NOD/SCID) mice. These tumors fully mirrored the heterogeneity of the parental melanoma and could be passaged more than 5 times.

High-throughput mutation profiling of CTCL samples reveals KRAS and NRAS mutations sensitizing tumors toward inhibition of the RAS/RAF/MEK signaling cascade.

Cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCLs) are malignancies of skin-homing lymphoid cells, which have so far not been investigated thoroughly for common oncogenic mutations. We screened 90 biopsy specimens from CTCL patients (41 mycosis fungoides, 36 Sézary syndrome, and 13 non-mycosis fungoides/Sézary syndrome CTCL) for somatic mutations using OncoMap technology. We detected oncogenic mutations for the RAS pathway in 4 of 90 samples.

A proliferative melanoma cell phenotype is responsive to RAF/MEK inhibition independent of BRAF mutation status.

Oncogenic mutations within the MAPK pathway are frequent in melanoma, and targeting of MAPK signaling has yielded spectacular responses in a significant number of patients that last for several months before relapsing. We investigated the effects of two different inhibitors of MAPK signaling in proliferative and invasive melanoma cell cultures with various mutations in the MAPK pathway. Proliferative melanoma cells were more susceptible to pathway inhibition than invasive phenotype cells, irrespective of BRAF mutation status, while invasive phenotype cell response was dependent on BRAF mutation status.

The immunohistochemistry of invasive and proliferative phenotype switching in melanoma: a case report.

To date there is no effective therapy for metastatic melanoma and at the molecular level the disease progression is poorly understood. A recent study by our group led to the development of a novel phenotype switching model for melanoma progression, wherein cells transition back-and-forth between states of proliferation and invasion to drive disease progression. To explore the model's clinical relevance we interrogated phenotype-specific expression patterns in human melanoma patient material.

Melanoma after laser therapy of pigmented lesions--circumstances and outcome.

The use of laser therapy in the treatment of pigmented lesions is a controversial issue as it can delay melanoma diagnosis and may negatively impact mortality. Few cases of melanoma after laser therapy have been reported. It is still unknown whether melanoma can be induced by lasers.

Mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase inhibition results in biphasic alteration of epidermal homeostasis with keratinocytic apoptosis and pigmentation disorders.

Purpose: Raf/mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) kinase (MEK)/ERK signaling pathway is constitutively activated in melanoma. AZD6244 blocks MEK1/2, inhibiting ERK phosphorylation. We focus on associated cutaneous toxicity and we attempt to understand the underlying pathophysiology and design treatment strategies.

MEK1 mutations confer resistance to MEK and B-RAF inhibition.

Genetic alterations that activate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) pathway occur commonly in cancer. For example, the majority of melanomas harbor mutations in the BRAF oncogene, which are predicted to confer enhanced sensitivity to pharmacologic MAP kinase inhibition (e.g.

Oligonucleotide array-CGH identifies genomic subgroups and prognostic markers for tumor stage mycosis fungoides.

Mycosis fungoide (MF) patients who develop tumors or extracutaneous involvement usually have a poor prognosis with no curative therapy available so far. In the present European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) multicenter study, the genomic profile of 41 skin biopsies from tumor stage MF (MFt) was analyzed using a high-resolution oligo-array comparative genomic hybridization platform. Seventy-six percent of cases showed genomic aberrations.

Skin problems associated with pegylated liposomal doxorubicin-more than palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome.

Liposomal pegylated doxorubicin is an encapsulation form of doxorubicin, with an improved pharmacokinetic profile and the ability to selectively accumulate into tumor tissue. As a result, the tolerated dose of the drug can be increased, followed by a reduced incidence of neutropenia and cardiotoxicity in comparison to doxorubucin treatment. However, a common adverse dose-schedule limiting effect of the treatment is palmoplantar erythrodysesthesia syndrome.

Multislice computed tomography angiography of the abdominal arteries: comparison between computed tomography angiography and digital subtraction angiography findings in 52 cases.

Since the introduction of multislice CT scanners, CT angiography (CTA) has become a powerful tool for imaging the vascular system. We compare conventional angiography to CTA in the diagnosis of morphological changes in the abdominal aorta and its branches. A retrospective analysis of 52 patients who underwent both multislice CT angiography (MSCTA) and digital subtraction angiography before surgical treatment is presented.