Effectiveness and Costs of Molecular Screening and Treatment for Bacterial Vaginosis to Prevent Preterm Birth: The AuTop Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a well-known risk factor for preterm birth. Molecular diagnosis of BV is now available. Its impact in the screening and treatment of BV during pregnancy on preterm births has not been evaluated to date.

Survival Without Severe Neonatal Morbidity in Very Preterm Twins According to Planned Mode of Delivery.

Objective: To assess survival to discharge without severe neonatal morbidity by planned mode of delivery for twins born before 32 weeks of gestation.

Methods: The JUMODA (JUmeaux MODe d'Accouchement) study was a French national prospective, population-based, cohort study of twin deliveries conducted from February 2014 to March 2015. This planned secondary analysis included diamniotic twin pregnancies from 26 0/7 through 31 6/7 weeks of gestation.

Tranexamic Acid for the Prevention of Blood Loss after Cesarean Delivery.

Background: Prophylactic administration of tranexamic acid has been associated with reduced postpartum blood loss after cesarean delivery in several small trials, but evidence of its benefit in this clinical context remains inconclusive.

Methods: In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial, we assigned women undergoing cesarean delivery before or during labor at 34 or more gestational weeks to receive an intravenously administered prophylactic uterotonic agent and either tranexamic acid (1 g) or placebo. The primary outcome was postpartum hemorrhage, defined as a calculated estimated blood loss greater than 1000 ml or receipt of a red-cell transfusion within 2 days after delivery.

Rationale and design of ePPOP-ID: a multicenter randomized controlled trial using an electronic-personalized program for obesity in pregnancy to improve delivery.

Background: Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are established risk factors for adverse pregnancy, delivery and birth outcomes. Pregnancy is an ideal moment for nutritional interventions in order to establish healthier lifestyle behaviors in women at high risk of obstetric and neonatal complications.

Methods: Electronic-Personalized Program for Obesity during Pregnancy to Improve Delivery (ePPOP-ID) is an open multicenter randomized controlled trial which will assess the efficacy of an e-health web-based platform offering a personalized lifestyle program to obese pregnant women in order to reduce the rate of labor procedures and delivery interventions in comparison to standard care.

Two separate placental masses on ultrasound do not always indicate a dichorionic pregnancy.

Monochorionic pregnancies are associated with a higher risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality than dichorionic pregnancies. Early determination of chorionicity by an ultrasound exam between 11 and 14 weeks' gestation (WG) is essential for the subsequent management of twin pregnancies. The presence of the T-sign is the most specific sign for determination of monochorionicity.

Management and Outcomes of Neonatal Arteriovenous Brain Malformations with Cardiac Failure: A 17 Years' Experience in a Tertiary Referral Center.

Objectives: To assess the management and outcomes of neonatal arteriovenous brain malformations (mostly vein of Galen malformations) complicated by cardiac failure in the era of prenatal diagnosis and endovascular treatment in a tertiary referral center.

Study Design: This observational study included 77 living newborn infants with arteriovenous brain malformations with cardiac failure, admitted to our referral center from 2001 to 2017. All infants underwent cardiovascular evaluation including echocardiogram and brain magnetic resonance imaging.

Risk factors for failed induction of labor among pregnant women with Class III obesity.

Introduction: Our aim was to identify risk factors for failed induction in morbidly obese patients undergoing the induction of labor at term.

Material And Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study on a cohort of 235 patients with a body mass index greater than 40 kg/m and giving birth to a singleton in cephalic presentation, who had an induction of labor from 38 weeks of amenorrhea. Scheduled cesareans and spontaneous vaginal deliveries were excluded.

Loss of function mutations in EPHB4 are responsible for vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation.

See Meschia (doi:10.1093/brain/awy066) for a scientific commentary on this article.Vein of Galen aneurysmal malformation is a congenital anomaly of the cerebral vasculature representing 30% of all paediatric vascular malformations.

Impact of routine transvaginal ultrasound monitoring of cervical length in twins on administration of antenatal corticosteroids.

Objective: To evaluate whether routine measurement of cervical length (CL) by transvaginal ultrasound (TVU) in twin pregnancies can enable identification of women who will give birth before 34 weeks and require antenatal corticosteroids (ACSs), and whether it can limit their administration to women who will give birth later.

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study in two tertiary referral centers in France. Women with twin gestations followed in two tertiary university hospital maternity units and who delivered from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009 were included.

Prolonged and post-term pregnancies: guidelines for clinical practice from the French College of Gynecologists and Obstetricians (CNGOF).

The duration of pregnancy varies between 40(+0) and 41(+3) weeks. Conventionally, and essentially arbitrarily, a pregnancy is considered to be "prolonged" after 41(+0) weeks, but the infant is not considered "post-term" until 42(+0) weeks (Professional consensus). A term birth thus occurs during the period from 37(+0) to 41(+6) weeks.

Fertility outcome following transvaginal cervicoisthmic cerclage using a polypropylene sling.

Objective: To report fertility and pregnancy outcomes following transvaginal cervicoisthmic cerclage with a polypropylene sling during a previous pregnancy.

Methods: A continuous series of 57 women who underwent prophylactic cervicoisthmic cerclage during a previous (reference) pregnancy were enrolled. Telephone interviews were carried out to evaluate each patient's subsequent fertility.

Abdominal pain and preeclampsia: sonographic findings in the maternal liver.

Objective: To describe sonographic findings in livers of pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and abdominal pain.

Methods: Over a 12-month period, we performed serial sonographic examinations on 32 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia and acute right upper quadrant and epigastric pain. On each sonogram we observed the liver size and texture, "periportal halo" sign, gallbladder wall, Glisson capsule thickness, painful compression of the liver and gallbladder, and ascites.

Evidence of early placental vascular anastomosis during selective embryo reduction in monozygotic twins.

Objective: To describe selective embryo reduction of two triplet pregnancies with a monozygotic twin.

Design: Case reports.

Setting: Infertility unit of a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology.