Quantitative diagnosis of malignant pleural effusions by single-cell mechanophenotyping.

Biophysical characteristics of cells are attractive as potential diagnostic markers for cancer. Transformation of cell state or phenotype and the accompanying epigenetic, nuclear, and cytoplasmic modifications lead to measureable changes in cellular architecture. We recently introduced a technique called deformability cytometry (DC) that enables rapid mechanophenotyping of single cells in suspension at rates of 1000 cells/s-a throughput that is comparable to traditional flow cytometry.

A pregnant dilemma: primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyromatosis in pregnancy.

Objective: To describe an exceedingly rare case of parathyromatosis in pregnancy and the limited medical treatment options available for such cases that are refractory to surgery.

Methods: Case presentation and description of clinical course with brief review of the literature.

Results: A 21-year-old woman with a history of 3.

Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma metastatic to the skin.

Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) is an aggressive malignancy of disputed histogenesis that arises in the sinonasal tract and has an extremely poor prognosis. Despite multimodality treatment with surgical resection, radiation, and chemotherapy, recurrence is common. The tumor spreads by direct local extension, but also metastasizes to lymph nodes, brain, lung and bone.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis/HIV-1 coinfection and disease: role of human leukocyte antigen variation.

Genetic variation influences immune responses and may contribute to differential development of tuberculosis (TB), particularly in immunosuppressed individuals. To examine the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection progressing to disease in the context of M. tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 coinfection, HIV-1 RNA load and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genotypes were determined among subjects from Harare, Zimbabwe, an area where both TB and HIV-1 are endemic.