Dietary exposures and allergy prevention in high-risk infants.

Infants at high risk for developing a food allergy have either an atopic condition (such as eczema) themselves or an immediate family member with such a condition. Breastfeeding should be promoted and supported regardless of issues pertaining to food allergy prevention, but for infants whose mothers cannot or choose not to breastfeed, using a specific formula (i.e.

Assessing the Diagnostic Properties of a Graded Oral Provocation Challenge for the Diagnosis of Immediate and Nonimmediate Reactions to Amoxicillin in Children.

Importance: The diagnostic properties of a graded provocation challenge (PC) among children presenting with a rash in the course of amoxicillin treatment are currently unknown.

Objective: To assess the accuracy and the negative predictive value of the PC in a cohort of children referred with suspected allergy to amoxicillin.

Design, Setting, And Participants: A cohort study was conducted between March 1, 2012, and April 1, 2015, at the allergy clinic of the Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Dietary exposures and allergy prevention in high-risk infants: a joint position statement of the Canadian Society of Allergy and Clinical Immunology and the Canadian Paediatric Society.

Allergic conditions in children are a prevalent health concern in Canada. The burden of disease and the societal costs of proper diagnosis and management are considerable, making the primary prevention of allergic conditions a desirable health care objective. This position statement reviews current evidence on dietary exposures and allergy prevention in infants at high risk of developing allergic conditions.

Safe vaccination of patients with egg allergy with an adjuvanted pandemic H1N1 vaccine.

Background: Because influenza vaccine contains some residual egg protein, there is a theoretic risk of anaphylaxis when vaccinating patients with egg allergy. The objective of this study was to estimate the risk of anaphylaxis in children with egg allergy administered an adjuvanted monovalent 2009 pandemic influenza A/H1N1 influenza vaccine (Arepanrix; GlaxoSmithKline, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada).

Methods: Patients with confirmed egg allergy with a history of respiratory or cardiovascular reactions after egg ingestion were vaccinated in 2 divided doses (10% and 90%) administered at a 30-minute interval, whereas children with other types of egg-induced allergic reactions were vaccinated with a single dose.

Establishing the diagnosis of peanut allergy in children never exposed to peanut or with an uncertain history: a cross-Canada study.

The diagnosis of peanut allergy (PA) can be complex especially in children never exposed to peanut or with an uncertain history. The aim of the study is to determine which diagnostic algorithms are used by Canadian allergists in such children. Children 1-17 yrs old never exposed to peanut or with an uncertain history having an allergist-confirmed diagnosis of PA were recruited from the Montreal Children's Hospital (MCH) and allergy advocacy organizations.

Role of food labels in accidental exposures in food-allergic individuals in Canada.

Background: Little is known about the impact of food labeling on the allergic consumer.

Objective: To determine the proportion of food-allergic individuals attributing an accidental exposure to inappropriate labeling, failure to read a food label, or ignoring a precautionary statement and to identify factors associated with accidental exposures.

Methods: Food-allergic individuals or their caregivers were recruited from a Canadian registry of individuals with a physician-confirmed diagnosis of peanut allergy and from allergy awareness organizations.

The predilection of chickenpox exanthema to influenza vaccine injection site.

Annual influenza immunization of children is highly recommended and is usually well tolerated. We report the first case of chickenpox exanthema localized to the influenza vaccination site in a boy with known egg allergy.

Availability of the epinephrine autoinjector at school in children with peanut allergy.

Background: Peanut allergy accounts for most severe food-related allergic reactions, and accidental exposures are frequent. Delayed administration of epinephrine and the allergic individual's failure to personally carry epinephrine contribute to fatal outcomes.

Objectives: To describe epinephrine autoinjector availability at school and to determine factors that might affect autoinjector availability in children allergic to peanut.

Chronic active gastritis in X-linked lymphoproliferative disease.

Gastric lesions in primary constitutive immune deficiencies include multifocal atrophic gastritis, erosive pangastritis, and a pattern of gastric lesions reminiscent of graft-versus-host disease. We describe the genetic anomalies in 2 monozygotic twins with an X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP; MIM 308240), a rare familial setting of high susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Since early childhood, both twin brothers exhibited a severe chronic active atrophic pangastritis.

Immune function in autistic children.

Background: There have been reports that some children with autistic spectrum disorders have abnormal immune function. However, data in this area remain scarce and conflicting.

Objective: To evaluate the immune function of a series of autistic children in the context of this proposed association.