A Novel Method of Treatment of Macrodactyly with Digital Nerve Resection and Nerve Allograft.

Macrodactyly is a rare and debilitating pediatric hand anomaly that has historically been treated with amputation. Recent advances in our understanding of macrodactyly have increasingly implicated the digital nerve as the underlying cause of the condition. In addition, much progress has been made toward digital salvage in treating macrodactyly.

Revisiting the Gender Gap in Orthopaedic Surgery: Investigating the Relationship Between Orthopaedic Surgery Female Faculty and Female Residency Applicants.

Introduction: Although women now constitute approximately half of all graduating medical students, orthopaedic surgery continues to lag behind in its ability to recruit female applicants. One hypothesis for this discrepancy is the lack of female faculty mentors at academic institutions. The three objectives of this study were the following: (1) to quantify the proportion of female orthopaedic surgery residency applicants, (2) to quantify the proportion of female orthopaedic surgery faculty, and (3) to investigate the relationship between female orthopaedic surgery faculty at an academic institution and the corresponding number of female orthopaedic surgery residency applicants.

The Utility of Plain Films for Nonoperative Fifth Metacarpal Fractures: Are Follow-up Radiographs Necessary?

Background: Fifth metacarpal fractures are often treated nonoperatively with serial radiographs; however, the utility of these radiographs in altering clinical management has not been investigated. We hypothesize that follow-up plain films will not alter clinical management and are therefore unnecessary for most patients.

Methods: Between 2007 and 2014, patients with a fifth metacarpal fracture at our level I trauma center were retrospectively reviewed.

Medical Students' Perceptions of Surgeons: Implications for Teaching and Recruitment.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to assess first-year medical students' implicit perceptions of surgeons, focusing on the roles of gender and demeanor (communal = supportive, associated with women; agentic = assertive, associated with men).

Design: Survey study. Each survey had 1 of 8 possible scenarios; all began with a short description of a surgeon who was described as accomplished and well trained, then varied by surgeon gender (male/female), surgeon demeanor (agentic/communal), and type of surgery (breast cancer/lung cancer).

Improving interprofessional collaboration: evaluation of implicit attitudes in the surgeon-nurse relationship.

Background: Optimizing the surgeon-nurse relationship to improve interprofessional communication is increasingly recognized as an essential component of patient care. The increasing number of women surgeons has altered the surgeon-nurse dynamic, which has traditionally been a male-female relationship. In particular, this shift has raised the issue of whether implicit perceptions regarding gender and demeanor influence the interactions between surgeons and nurses.

Perceptions of surgeons: what characteristics do women surgeons prefer in a colleague?

Background: Perceptions underlie bias and drive behavior. This study assessed female surgeons' implicit perceptions of surgeons, with a focus on the roles of sex and demeanor (communal = supportive, associated with women; agentic = assertive, associated with men).

Methods: Electronic surveys were administered via the Association of Women Surgeons e-mail listserve to 550 post-training female surgeons.

Diastolic function assessed by cardiac MRI using longitudinal left ventricular fractional shortening.

Introduction: Diastolic dysfunction contributes significantly to diastolic heart failure. We examined the use of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) using midwall longitudinal fractional shortening (MLFS) in the evaluation of transthoracic echocardiogram (TTE)-evidenced diastolic dysfunction.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with CMR within 6 months of TTE and normal ejection fraction were identified.

Patient perceptions of female surgeons: how surgeon demeanor and type of surgery affect patient preference.

Background: As more women become surgeons, knowledge of patient perceptions is necessary to educate this new pool of surgeons on how to maximize patient trust and foster the optimal surgeon-patient relationship.

Materials And Methods: Patients in a general medicine clinic in San Francisco were surveyed. Study respondents read one of the eight short scenarios that differed by surgeon gender, surgery type (lung cancer versus breast cancer), and surgeon demeanor (more masculine--agentic versus more feminine--communal).

A method for quantitative characterization of growth in the 3-D structure of rat pulmonary arteries.

Understanding mechanisms causing pulmonary vascular disease (PVD) frequently requires a thorough understanding of the underlying structural changes in the pulmonary circulation. Animal models have been used extensively to study different forms of PVD but conventional experimental techniques are limited in their ability to allow the study of the whole pulmonary vasculature at once. In this study, we introduce novel techniques of arterial casting, high-resolution imaging and tree analysis to study the pulmonary circulation in rodent models.