Accumulation of short-, medium-, and long- chain chlorinated paraffins in tissues of laying hens after dietary exposure.

Reliable human health risk assessment associated with chlorinated paraffins (CPs) exposure is limited by the lack of data on the fate of this complex family of contaminants. To gain knowledge on the accumulation and distribution of CPs in biota after ingestion, laying hens were dietary exposed to technical mixtures of short- (SCCPs), medium- (MCCPs), or long-chain (LCCPs) CPs of various chlorine contents during 91 days, at 200 ng/g of feed, each. Adipose tissue, liver, muscle and serum were collected at the steady-state, along with excreta.

Transfer of short-, medium-, and long-chain chlorinated paraffins to eggs of laying hens after dietary exposure.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs) are a complex family of contaminants. Lack of exposure data and an understanding of the fate of these chemicals in the environment affect our ability to reliably assess the human health risk associated with CP exposure. The present study focused on the evaluation of CP transfer from feed to eggs of laying hens exposed over 91 days.

Addressing Main Challenges Regarding Short- and Medium-Chain Chlorinated Paraffin Analysis Using GC/ECNI-MS and LC/ESI-MS Methods.

The risk assessment of chlorinated paraffins (CPs), chemicals of widespread industrial use, is struggling without standardized analytical methods to obtain reliable occurrence data. Indeed, scientists face analytical challenges that hinder the comparability of analytical methods, among them uncontrolled ionization efficiency and lack of quantification standards. In this study, our goal was to investigate potential issues faced when comparing data from different mass spectrometry platforms and quantification methods.

Optimized characterization of short-, medium, and long-chain chlorinated paraffins in liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.

Chlorinated paraffins (CPs), or polychlorinated n-alkanes, form a complex family of chemicals as they exist as mixtures of several thousands of isomers. To facilitate their classification, they are subdivided into short-chains (CC, SCCPs), medium-chains (CC, MCCPs), and long-chains (C, LCCPs) and further subdivided according to their chlorination degree. Until recently, the most common strategy implemented for their analysis was GC-ECNI-LRMS, with the main disadvantage being the high dependence of the response to the chlorination degree and the incapability of analysing LCCPs.