infection worsens the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis in mice.

, a gastrointestinal parasite of canids, is also highly prevalent in many paratenic hosts, such as mice and humans. As with many other helminths, the infection is associated with immunomodulatory effects, which could affect other inflammatory conditions including autoimmune and allergic diseases. Here, we investigated the effect of infection on the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an animal model of multiple sclerosis.

Flow Cytometry Analysis of Blood Large Extracellular Vesicles in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis Experiencing Relapse of the Disease.

The number of people living with multiple sclerosis (MS) in developed countries is increasing. The management of patients is hindered by the absence of reliable laboratory tests accurately reflecting the disease activity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) of different cell origin were reportedly elevated in MS patients.

Prion Strains Differ in Susceptibility to Photodynamic Oxidation.

Prion disorders, or transmissible spongiform encephalophaties (TSE), are fatal neurodegenerative diseases affecting mammals. Prion-infectious particles comprise of misfolded pathological prion proteins (PrP). Different TSEs are associated with distinct PrP folds called prion strains.

Cord Blood Extracellular Vesicles Analyzed by Flow Cytometry with Thresholding Using 405 nm or 488 nm Laser Leads to Concurrent Results.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from liquid biopsies are extensively analyzed by flow cytometry, a technology that is continuously evolving. Thresholding utilizing a violet 405 nm laser side scatter (VSSC) has recently been implemented. Here, we collected set of large EV (lEV) samples from cord blood, which we analyzed using a standard flow cytometer improved via a 405 nm laser side scatter.

Large Platelet and Endothelial Extracellular Vesicles in Cord Blood of Preterm Newborns: Correlation with the Presence of Hemolysis.

Different biomarkers are investigated to detect the causes of severe complications in preterm infants. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are recognized as an important part of cell-to-cell communication, and their increased levels were reported in numerous pathological states. We aimed to increase our knowledge about the incidence of platelet and endothelial EVs in cord blood of preterm newborns using conventional flow cytometry.

Changes in cellular prion protein expression, processing and localisation during differentiation of the neuronal cell line CAD 5.

Background Information: Cellular prion protein (PrP ) is infamous for its role in prion diseases. The physiological function of PrP remains enigmatic, but several studies point to its involvement in cell differentiation processes. To test this possibility, we monitored PrP changes during the differentiation of prion-susceptible CAD 5 cells, and then we analysed the effect of PrP ablation on the differentiation process.

Optimization of the photodynamic inactivation of prions by a phthalocyanine photosensitizer: The crucial involvement of singlet oxygen.

Prion disorders are fatal neurodegenerative diseases caused by the autocatalytic conversion of a natively occurring prion protein (PrP ) into its misfolded infectious form (PrP ). The proven resistance of PrP to common disinfection procedures increases the risk of prion transmission in medical settings. Herein, we present the effective photodynamic inactivation (PDI) of prions by disulfonated hydroxyaluminum phthalocyanine (AlPcOH(SO ) ) utilizing two custom-built red light sources.