[The Scottish model of vancomycin dosing and therapeutic drug monitoring improves both efficacy and safety of vancomycin therapy].

Objective: Vancomycin therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is recommended for better treatment efficacy and safety. The Scottish Antimicrobial Prescribing Group model recommends weight-based loading dose, next 3-4 doses based on creatinine clearance and maintenance doses according to trough concentrations.

Methods: Retrospective cohort study of all adult patients treated with vancomycin before and after introducing the guideline in a large Czech hospital in 2015 compares the success rate in achieving recommended trough concentrations (10-20 mg/l) during first measurement and efficiency of maintaining these concentrations subsequently.

Arbutin Content and Tyrosinase Activity of Bergenia Extracts.

The total arbutin content in the leaves of all the studied Bergenia plants (B. crassifolia, B. ciliata and B.

Production of Podophyllotoxin by Plant Tissue Cultures of Juniperus virginiana.

Plant tissue cultures are a potential source of secondary metabolites. However, their production, when compared with intact plants, is usually lower. Phenylalanine, a biogenetic precursor of podophyllotoxin, was used to stimulate podophyllotoxin production in callus and suspension cultures of Juniperus virginiana L.

Production of flavonoids and isoflavonoids in jasmonic acid-induced red clover suspension cultures.

Effect of exogenously applied jasmonic acid (JA) in combination with calcium and verapamil (a calcium channels blocker) on the production of flavonoids and isoflavonoids in suspension cultures of Trifolium pratense L. was investigated. The culture was cultivated in Gamborg medium with an addition of 2 mg.

Effects of zinc and cadmium ions on cell growth and production of coumarins in cell suspension cultures of Angelica archangelica L.

The plant cell may respond to the excess of heavy metals in its environment by various mechanisms, including enhanced biosynthesis of secondary metabolites. In this study, zinc (0 to 1500 μM) and cadmium ions (0 to 100 μM) were tested as potential elicitors of the production of coumarins in angelica cell suspension cultures. In addition, the toxicity of both metals was assessed by evaluating their effect on cell growth (characterized by fresh and dry biomass at the end of a two-week subculture).

New synthetic pyridine derivate as potential elicitor in production of isoflavonoids and flavonoids in Trifolium pratense L. suspension culture.

The production of secondary metabolites in Trifolium pratense L. suspension culture of the family of legume plants (Fabaceae) is low, and therefore there was an attempt to increase it by elicitation. New synthetic substance, 2-(2-fluoro-6-nitrobenzylsulfanyl)pyridine-4-carbothioamide, was tested as elicitor--a substance that showed the best elicitation effect after 48-hour application of 1 μmol L⁻¹ concentration.

Seasonal variation in total phenolic and flavonoid contents and DPPH scavenging activity of Bellis perennis L. flowers.

Variations in total phenolic and flavonoid contents as well as antioxidant activity of Bellis perennis (common daisy) flowers were investigated. The flowers were collected monthly (from March to October, i.e.