Publications by authors named "Marie Gilbert Majella"

Background: Cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL), and kidney injury molecule (KIM)-1 are renal biomarkers increasingly appreciated for their role in the risk stratification and prognostication of heart failure (HF) patients. However, very few have been adopted clinically, owing to the lack of consistency.

Objectives: The authors aimed to study the association between cystatin C, NGAL, and KIM-1 and outcomes, mortality, hospitalizations, and worsening renal function (WRF) in patients with acute and chronic HF.

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Introduction: Severe Haemophilia A patients with inhibitors are currently being treated with bypassing agents like activated prothrombin complex concentrates (aPCC) and recombinant factor VIIa. Emicizumab is a recombinant humanized monoclonal antibody, introduced to reduce the bleeding events, improve treatment adherence, and quality of life. However, cost-effectiveness and long-term sustainability of the intervention is not studied in a low middle income setting like India.

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India contributes the highest absolute number of stillbirths in the world. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to synthesize the burden, timing and causes of stillbirths in India. Forty-nine reports from 46 studies conducted in 21 Indian states and Union Territories were included.

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Background: Development of a prediction model using baseline characteristics of tuberculosis (TB) patients at the time of diagnosis will aid us in early identification of the high-risk groups and devise pertinent strategies accordingly. Hence, we did this study to develop a prognostic-scoring model for predicting the death among newly diagnosed drug sensitive pulmonary TB patients in South India.

Methods: We undertook a longitudinal analysis of cohort data under the Regional Prospective Observational Research for Tuberculosis India consortium.

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Background: In the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, an increased incidence of ROCM was noted in India among those infected with COVID. We determined risk factors for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) post Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among those never and ever hospitalized for COVID-19 separately through a multicentric, hospital-based, unmatched case-control study across India.

Methods: We defined cases and controls as those with and without post-COVID ROCM, respectively.

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Background: Host cell-membrane cholesterol, an important player in viral infections, is in constant interaction with serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Low serum lipid levels during hospital admission are associated with COVID-19 severity. However, the effect of antecedent serum lipid levels on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk has not been explored.

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ranges from asymptomatic infection to severe illness. Cholesterol in the host cell plasma membrane plays an important role in the SARS-CoV-2 virus entry into cells. Serum lipids, especially low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), are in constant interaction with the lipid rafts in the host cell membranes and can modify the interaction of virus with host cells and the resultant disease severity.

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Background: In India, tuberculosis (TB) was made a notifiable disease in 2012 and nonnotification was made a punishable offense in March 2018. In 2018, 25% of TB cases notified were from private sector.

Objectives: The objective of the study is to assess the proportion of private practitioners (PPs) who notified TB cases to the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) and to identify the facilitating factors and barriers to TB case notification, including channels most preferred for notification.

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Background: In India, adolescents constitute 21% of the total population. Majority of boys and girls in developing countries enter adolescence as undernourished, making them more vulnerable to several diseases.

Objective: Among adolescents in selected schools of urban Puducherry, we determined the prevalence of malnutrition and also assessed the sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with undernutrition.

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Tuberculosis (TB) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) have a close epidemiological and pathogenetic overlap. Thus, it becomes essential to understand the relationship between ASCVD and TB outcomes. From our retrospective cohort on drug-susceptible TB patients at the National Taiwan University Hospital, we assessed the association of pre-existing ASCVD (coronary artery disease (CAD) and atherothrombotic stroke (ATS)) with 9-month all-cause and infection-related mortality and the extent of mediation by systemic inflammatory markers.

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Background: Although the incidence of tuberculosis is higher in men than in women, the relationship of sex with tuberculosis treatment outcomes has not been adequately studied.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study and a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies during the last 10 years to assess sex differences in clinical and microbiological outcomes in tuberculosis.

Results: In our cohort of 2894 Taiwanese patients with drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis (1975 male and 919 female), male patients had higher adjusted hazards of 9-month mortality due to all causes (hazard ratio, 1.

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Despite efforts taken by the Government of India, still mothers and new-borns are excluded from the postnatal care services, especially during the critical first 24 h after delivery. Hence, we have done this study to find the determinants of postnatal care for mothers and new-borns in India. We have analysed the NFHS-4 data gathered from Demographic Health Survey programme.

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Context: Adolescents constitutes 21% of total Indian population. Iron deficiency anaemia has remained as a major nutritional problem amongst adolescents. To overcome this problem, Government of India started weekly iron-folic acid supplementation (WIFS) in 2012.

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Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus has huge economic burden for both patient and health-care system. Management of the condition in India faces multiple challenges such as paucity of trained medical and paramedical staff, poor quality, lack of satisfaction with services, and unaffordability of services.

Objective: To determine the level of satisfaction and the out-of-pocket expenditure for type 2 diabetes patients receiving treatment from public and private sectors in urban Puducherry.

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Objective: To assess the spatial pattern and determinants of HIV infection in India.

Methods: We conducted a secondary data analysis using the National Family Health Survey-4 data obtained from the Demographic Health Survey programme. We accounted for clustering and stratification in the sampling design using the svyset command.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study systematically reviews factors linked to COVID-19 severity and mortality, using articles published until May 2020.
  • Analysis of 109 observational studies found that older age, male gender, respiratory symptoms, and comorbidities like diabetes and hypertension increase mortality risk.
  • Specific clinical markers such as high leukocyte counts, low lymphocyte counts, and elevated inflammatory markers were also associated with severe illness and death, highlighting their importance in patient triage.
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Objectives: We undertook this review to assess the impact of pricing strategies on brand choice, loyalty and quitting behaviour in Global South countries.

Methods: We systematically retrieved articles from Medline, CENTRAL, ScienceDirect, Google Scholar from inception up to January 2020. Studies which reported tobacco industry's pricing strategies were eligible.

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Objectives: To evaluate the budget impact and cost-effectiveness of dengue vaccination following pre-vaccination serological screening in India.

Methods: We used a static cohort model (combination of decision tree and Markov model) to compare dengue disease and cost burden with and without dengue vaccination program with serological screening for a hypothetical cohort of 10-year-old adolescents. Budget impact was expressed in terms of total budget required for implementation of vaccination programme.

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence of Second Hand Smoking (SHS) and assess the factors related to exposure, knowledge and response to SHS among adolescents in rural Puducherry, South India.

Methods: A community based cross-sectional study was conducted among adolescents during March and April 2018. Two out of four villages were selected randomly and all the adolescents were contacted through household visit and questionnaire was administered.

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Objectives: Most of the adult mental health disorder occurs either during childhood or adolescent stage. Assessment of positive mental health among adolescents will help in predicting the future physical and mental health outcome. Hence, this study was done to determine the prevalence and factors associated with positive mental health among adolescents in rural Puducherry.

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Despite efforts taken by the Government of India, mothers and newborns are excluded from the maternal and child health services, especially those in poorer and weaker sections of the society. Hence, we have utilized the most recent National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4) data to assess the socio-economic inequities in antenatal care (ANC), intranatal care and postnatal care (PNC) coverage for mothers and newborns in India. We have analysed the NFHS-4 data gathered from the Demographic Health Survey programme.

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Background: Measles is one the leading cause of morbidity, mortality, and disability among under-five children worldwide with India contributing to half of the burden. Hence, Measles-Rubella (MR) campaign was launched to vaccinate all the children between 9 months and 15 years. The current study was done to find the prevalence and factors related to vaccine hesitancy in the MR campaign 2017 in rural Puducherry.

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