Successful Treatment of Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma with Transaxillary Robotic Surgery and Radioiodine: The First European Experience.

Objectives: Transaxillary robotic thyroidectomy surgery (TARS) has been reported to be a safe approach in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma, and oncological responses are promising.

Study Design: This study aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes of TARS followed by radioiodine (RAI) therapy in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. Between 2011 and 2016, patients treated for differentiated thyroid carcinoma by TARS in a single institution, followed by RAI, were retrospectively included.

Outcome after ablation in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer (ESTIMABL1): 5-year follow-up results of a randomised, phase 3, equivalence trial.

Background: In ESTIMABL1, a randomised phase 3 trial of radioactive iodine (I) administration after complete surgical resection in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer, 92% of patients had complete thyroid ablation at 6-10 months, defined as a recombinant human thyroid-stimulating hormone (rhTSH)-stimulated serum thyroglobulin concentration of 1 ng/mL or less and normal findings on neck ultrasonography. Equivalence was shown between low-activity (1·1 GBq) and high-activity (3·7 GBq) radioactive iodine and also between the use of rhTSH injections and thyroid hormone withdrawal. Here, we report outcomes after 5 years of follow-up.

Modeling therapeutic response to radioiodine in metastatic thyroid cancer: a proof-of-concept study for individualized medicine.

Purpose: Radioiodine therapy (RAI) has traditionally been used as treatment for metastatic thyroid cancer, based on its ability to concentrate iodine. Propositions to maximize tumor response with minimizing toxicity, must recognize the infinite possibilities of empirical tests. Therefore, an approach of this study was to build a mathematical model describing tumor growth with the kinetics of thyroglobulin (Tg) concentrations over time, following RAI for metastatic thyroid cancer.

Assessing Bone Marrow Activity in Patients with Myelofibrosis: Results of a Pilot Study of F-FLT PET.

An emerging noninvasive approach to assess tissue proliferation uses the PET tracer 3'-deoxy-3'-F-fluorothymidine (F-FLT). To evaluate the diagnostic value of this technique in myelofibrosis, F-FLT PET imaging results were compared with bone marrow histology and bone marrow scintigraphy (BMS), the gold standard techniques in this clinical situation. Fifteen patients with histology-proven myelofibrosis were included consecutively in the study.

Molecular Pathology of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinomas: A Retrospective Study of 144 Cases.

Background: Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC) is a rare tumor, with poorly defined oncogenic molecular mechanisms and limited therapeutic options contributing to its poor prognosis. The aims of this retrospective study were to determine the frequency of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) translocations and to identify the mutational profile of ATC including TERT promoter mutations.

Methods And Materials: One hundred and forty-four ATC cases were collected from 10 centers that are a part of the national French network for management of refractory thyroid tumors.

Late liver metastasis of medullary thyroid cancer with low calcitonin levels - successfully cured by radiofrequency.

A 28-year-old female consulted in 1994 for a left thyroid nodule known for two years with documented progression. Left lobe resection was performed initially followed by total thyroidectomy without lymph node dissection in September 1994. Pathological examination concluded on unilateral 10 × 40 mm medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).

Quality of life, clinical outcomes and safety of early prophylactic levothyroxine administration in patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism undergoing radioiodine therapy: a randomized controlled study.

Objective: While radioiodine therapy is commonly used for treating Graves' disease, a prolonged and clinical hypothyroidism may result in disabling symptoms leading to deterioration of quality of life (QoL) of patients. Introducing levothyroxine (LT4) treatment in the early post-therapeutic period may be an interesting approach to limit this phenomenon.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective, open-label randomized controlled trial enrolled 94 patients with Graves' hyperthyroidism randomly assigned to the experimental group (n=46) (group A: early prophylactic LT4 treatment) or the control group (n=48) (group B: standard follow-up).

Quality of Life and Cost-Effectiveness Assessment of Radioiodine Ablation Strategies in Patients With Thyroid Cancer: Results From the Randomized Phase III ESTIMABL Trial.

Purpose: In the ESTIMABL phase III trial, the thyroid ablation rate was equivalent for the two thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) stimulation methods (thyroid hormone withdrawal [THW] and recombinant human TSH [rhTSH]) and the two iodine-131 ((131)I) activities (1.1 or 3.7 GBq).

¹⁸F-FDG-PET/CT in staging, restaging, and treatment response assessment of male breast cancer.

Purpose: Male breast cancer (BC) is a rare disease, with patterns different from those found in women. Most tumors are detected at more advanced stages than in women. The aim of this study was to analyze the performance of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)F-FDG-PET/CT) in staging, restaging, and therapy response assessment.

Performance of FDG PET/CT at initial diagnosis in a rare lymphoma: nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma.

Purpose: Nodular lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) is a rare Hodgkin lymphoma distinguished from classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) by the nature of the neoplastic cells which express B-cell markers. We wanted to determine the diagnostic performance of FDG PET/CT in initial assessment and its therapeutic impact on staging.

Methods: We retrospectively studied a population of 35 patients with NLPHL (8 previously treated for NLHPL, 27 untreated).

Is thyroid cancer recurrence risk increased after transplantation?

Context: An increased cancer mortality is reported in transplanted patients.

Objective: This multicentric study aimed to investigate the rate of thyroid cancer recurrence after transplantation.

Results: Sixty-eight patients (35 male/33 female) with a history of both thyroid cancer and organ transplantation were recruited via two nationwide French networks.

Role of SPECT/CT in sentinel lymph node detection in patients with breast cancer.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the published literature to assess the role (indications, advantages, and limitations) of SPECT/CT for the detection of sentinel lymph node (SLN) in breast cancer.

Methods: The authors searched PubMed for published literature in English addressing this topic.

Results: Eleven studies, published since 2006, focused on the role and value of SPECT/CT for SLN detection (SLND).

Prognostic impact of (18)FDG-PET-CT findings in clinical stage III and IIB breast cancer.

Background: This study prospectively evaluated the yield of fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography ((18)FDG-PET-CT) in patients with clinical stages II and III breast cancer and the impact of PET-CT results on prognosis.

Methods: In the course of 71 months, 254 consecutive patients with clinical stages II and III breast cancer (based on clinical examination, mammography, breast magnetic resonance imaging, and locoregional ultrasonography) underwent (18)FDG-PET-CT. The yield was assessed in the whole population and for each American Joint Committee on Cancer subgroup.

18F-FDG PET/CT in staging patients with locally advanced or inflammatory breast cancer: comparison to conventional staging.

Unlabelled: The prognosis of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) remains poor. We prospectively investigated the impact of (18)F-FDG PET/CT at initial staging in this clinical setting and compared PET/CT performance with that of conventional distant work-up.

Methods: During 60 mo, consecutive patients with LABC (clinical T4 or N2-N3 disease) underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT.

Additional diagnostic value of hybrid SPECT-CT systems imaging in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer.

Aim: : Nuclear medicine has entered a new era of multimodality imaging. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT) hybrid cameras are relatively new diagnostic tools that have been widely adopted and are present in most nuclear medicine units. SPECT/CT instruments allow functional and morphologic images to be acquired as superimposed (fusion images) in a single session.

Strategies of radioiodine ablation in patients with low-risk thyroid cancer.

Background: It is not clear whether the administration of radioiodine provides any benefit to patients with low-risk thyroid cancer after a complete surgical resection. The administration of the smallest possible amount of radioiodine would improve care.

Methods: In our randomized, phase 3 trial, we compared two thyrotropin-stimulation methods (thyroid hormone withdrawal and use of recombinant human thyrotropin) and two radioiodine ((131)I) doses (i.

Lymphoscintigraphy can select breast cancer patients for internal mammary chain radiotherapy.

Purpose: Given the risk of undesired toxicity, prophylactic internal mammary (IM) chain irradiation should be offered only to patients at high risk of occult involvement. Lymphoscintigraphy for axillary sentinel node biopsy might help in selecting these patients.

Methods And Materials: We reviewed published studies with the following selection criteria: ≥ 300 breast cancer patients referred for axilla sentinel node biopsy; scintigraphy performed after peritumoral or intratumoral tracer injection; IM biopsy in the case of IM drainage; and axilla staged routinely independent of IM status.

Bexarotene via CBP/p300 induces suppression of NF-κB-dependent cell growth and invasion in thyroid cancer.

Purpose: Retinoic acid (RA) treatment has been used for redifferentiation of metastatic thyroid cancer with loss of radioiodine uptake. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding of RA resistance and investigate the role of bexarotene in thyroid cancer cells.

Experimental Design: A model of thyroid cancer cell lines with differential response to RA was used to evaluate the biological effects of retinoid and rexinoid and to correlate this with RA receptor levels.

Molecular imaging of potential bone metastasis from differentiated thyroid cancer: a case report.

Introduction: Molecular imaging of the spine is a rarely used diagnostic method for which only a few case reports exist in the literature. Here, to the best of our knowledge we present the first case of a combination of molecular imaging by single photon emission computer tomography and positron emission tomography used in post-operative spinal diagnostic assessment.

Case Presentation: We present the case of a 50-year-old Caucasian woman experiencing progressive spinal cord compression caused by a vertebral metastasis of a less well differentiated thyroid cancer.

The yield of 18F-FDG PET/CT in patients with clinical stage IIA, IIB, or IIIA breast cancer: a prospective study.

Unlabelled: The purpose of this study was to prospectively evaluate the role of (18)F-FDG PET/CT in patients with stage IIA, IIB, or IIIA breast cancer.

Methods: During 56 mo, 131 consecutive patients with large (>2 cm) breast cancer and clinical stage IIA, IIB, or IIIA (based on clinical examination, mammography, breast MRI, and ultrasonography) underwent (18)F-FDG PET/CT. The nuclear physician was unaware of the results of any other procedure (bone scan, chest radiography, liver ultrasound, or thoracoabdominal CT scan).

Fatal heart failure after a 26-month combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a papillary thyroid cancer.

Background: Patients with progressive refractory thyroid cancer are potential candidates for clinical trials using tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), and a promising proportion of patients in these trials have achieved stable disease. Here we report an unusual adverse experience in a patient receiving a combination of TKIs.

Summary: The patient was a 62-year-old man with chronic myloid leukemia (CML) and thyroid carcinoma that did not concentrate iodide and had metastases.