Publications by authors named "Marie Christine Mowinckel"

Article Synopsis
  • The development of organoid models, especially for the liver, addresses the limitations of traditional 2D cell culture by creating more physiologically relevant systems that better mimic native tissue.
  • The new approach eliminates the need for 2D patterning and extracellular matrices, using small molecules to replicate embryonic liver development, resulting in liver-like organoids with complex cellular structures.
  • These liver organoids demonstrate critical functions such as drug metabolism and protein production, and can be transplanted into mice, maintaining their functionality and offering potential for applications in therapy, drug testing, and disease modeling.
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Background: SARS-CoV-2 adenoviral vector DNA vaccines have been linked to the rare but serious thrombotic postvaccine complication vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia. This has raised concerns regarding the possibility of increased thrombotic risk after any SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Objectives: To investigate whether SARS-CoV-2 vaccines cause coagulation activation leading to a hypercoagulable state.

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 Physical activity may reduce the development of breast cancer. Whereas hypercoagulability has been linked to adverse outcomes in breast cancer patients, the effects of physical activity on their hemostatic factors are unknown. The study aimed to assess whether long-term (1 year) physical activity can affect hemostatic factors in breast cancer patients.

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  • The study evaluated how effective coagulation analyses are for monitoring thromboprophylaxis in ICU patients using dalteparin.
  • Conducted at Oslo University Hospital, it involved 50 patients, analyzing various blood factors to compare levels in those with and without venous thromboembolism (VTE), major bleeding, and acute kidney injury.
  • Findings showed that only half the patients achieved the target peak anti-factor Xa (aFXa) levels, with levels being influenced by the dose of dalteparin administered, but not by the occurrence of VTE, major bleeding, or kidney injury.
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Introduction: Patients with immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) are at increased risk of thrombosis, which seems to be further enhanced by treatment with thrombopoietin-receptor-agonists (TPO-RAs). The underlying mechanisms of thrombosis in ITP are not fully understood. Endothelial cell activation and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play important roles in thrombosis, however, their roles in ITP itself, or in TPO-RA-treatment, have not yet been fully explored.

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Background: Women develop cardiovascular disease (CVD) approximately 7-10 years later than men, but progress with similar risk after menopause. Recent studies suggest that hormone replacement therapy (HRT) is cardioprotective when initiated early after menopause, but the mechanisms involved are still unclear.

Objective: In the current study, we aimed to examine the effects of HRT treatment on the plasma atherogenicity in postmenopausal women.

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Article Synopsis
  • Postmenopausal hormone therapy raises the risk of venous thrombosis and influences SHBG, which is a potential marker for estrogen levels.
  • In a study with healthy postmenopausal women, those on conventional-dose hormone therapy experienced a significant increase in SHBG levels, while tibolone decreased SHBG levels.
  • Women with a history of venous thrombosis also showed an increase in SHBG with conventional-dose therapy, and higher baseline SHBG was linked to recurrent thrombosis while correlating with coagulation factors.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study was a crossover double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial investigating how melatonin affects clock gene expression in males with tetraplegia.
  • Six tetraplegic men received melatonin or a placebo before measuring mRNA levels of certain clock genes in their blood, comparing them to six able-bodied controls.
  • The results showed that melatonin supplementation increased the expression of specific clock genes in tetraplegic participants, aligning their levels more closely with those of able-bodied individuals.
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Thrombopoietin-receptor-agonists (TPO-RA) are effective treatments of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). Previous long-term TPO-RA clinical trials have shown that thrombotic events occurred in 6% of TPO-RA-treated ITP patients. To explore the increased risk of thrombosis, the effects of TPO-RA on markers of coagulation and P-selectin were studied.

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Background: We have previously reported acquired activated protein C (APC) resistance and elevated plasma D-dimer levels in breast cancer patients. Here, we aimed to identify phenotypic and genetic determinants that contribute to the acquired APC resistance and increased D-dimer levels in breast cancer. Healthy controls served as reference.

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Previous studies suggest that inflammation may play a role in the pathophysiology of post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS). The aims of the present study were to evaluate markers of inflammation as possible predictors for PTS after pregnancy-related deep vein thrombosis (DVT). We included 182 women with a pregnancy-related DVT during 1990-2003 and 314 controls.

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Tetraplegic patients have increased risk of venous thrombosis despite anti-thrombotic prophylaxis. Moreover, they have blunted plasma variations in melatonin and altered diurnal variation of several haemostatic markers, compared with able-bodied. However, whether healthy individuals and tetraplegic patients, with or without melatonin, display abnormalities in thrombin generation during a 24-hour (h) cycle, is unknown.

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Article Synopsis
  • Standardized solvent/detergent (S/D)-treated plasma is being studied as a better option than fresh frozen plasma (FFP) for managing severe bleeding situations, with a focus on its compositional differences.
  • In the comparison, S/D-treated plasma lacked procoagulant microparticles, showed normal levels of coagulation factors, but had reduced functional protein S, which increased thrombin generation in specific conditions.
  • The study suggests that S/D-treatment results in a procoagulant effect possibly due to decreased intact protein S, and although there is increased fibrinolysis, co-administration of tranexamic acid could help mitigate this effect.
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Background: Postmenopausal hormone therapy is associated with many diseases and conditions, e.g., cardiovascular diseases and asthma, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are incompletely understood.

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Resistance to activated protein C (aPC) is most commonly due to the F5 rs6025 (factor V Leiden) polymorphism, which increases the risk of venous thrombosis. In the present population-based study of 313 cases and 353 controls, we investigated whether reduced sensitivity to aPC was associated with a history of pregnancy-related venous thrombosis. Calibrated automated thrombography was used to determine the sensitivity to aPC, and normalized aPC sensitivity ratio (n-aPC-sr) was calculated.

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Recent studies have shown that hormone therapy (HT) is associated with an acquired resistance to activated protein C (APC). The aims of the present study were to evaluate a possible dose-response relationship and differential effects of different HT regimens on functionality of the APC system. Two hundred two healthy women were randomly assigned to receive treatment for 12 weeks with tablets containing either low-dose HT containing 1 mg 17ss-oestradiol + 0.

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Introduction: We have recently reported that different hormone regimens given to healthy post-menopausal women had markedly different effects on activation of coagulation. Low-dose hormone therapy (HT) and raloxifene, as opposed to conventional-dose HT and tibolone, were associated with no or minor activation of coagulation. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism(s) for differences in coagulation activation by analysing clotting and fibrinolytic factors and coagulation inhibitors.

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Inhibition of tissue factor pathway inhibitor type 1 (TFPI) is one of the mechanisms by which lupus anticoagulants (LA) may upregulate tissue factor (TF) activity. We wanted to examine whether purified immunoglobulin G (IgG) from patients with LA may interfere with the ability of TFPI to inhibit ex vivo TF-induced thrombin generation. The endogenous thrombin potential (ETP) in pooled normal plasma (PNP) supplemented with IgG from either patients with LA or controls was determined in the absence or presence of recombinant TFPI (rTFPI).

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Three global assays, the Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT), the ProC Global (PCG), and the Coagulation Inhibitor Potential (CIP) were performed in frozen plasma samples from 24 normal controls and 24 patients with inherited thrombophilia. Six patients had inherited antithrombin (AT) deficiency; 18 patients had abnormalities in the protein C/S anticoagulant system (protein C deficiency (n=3), protein S deficiency (n=10), homozygous FV Leiden mutation (n=5)). Nine of these twenty four patients carried additionally the heterozygous FV Leiden mutation.

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Spinal cord injured patients are at increased risk of developing deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Whether these patients have increased blood levels of prothrombotic markers remains to be clarified. In general, the risk of developing DVT is highest in the morning hours.

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