Conjugated linoleic acid modifies transcriptional cytokine profile and induces early specific secretory IgA response in infected mice.

Objectives: Adaptive immunity is crucial in controlling infection in the intestinal mucosa, and some dietary lipids may improve mucosal immune function. The aim of this study was to evaluate conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) on the Th17/Treg response and secretory IgA production in a model of giardiasis infection.

Materials And Methods: C3H/HeN male mice were infected with 5×10 trophozoites (GS/M-83-H7, ATCC collection).

Influence of ferulic acid and clinoptilolite supplementation on growth performance, carcass, meat quality, and fatty acid profile of finished lambs.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of ferulic acid (FA) and clinoptilolite (CTL) supplementation on the growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of hair-breed lambs. Twenty-eight Kathadin male lambs (33.72 ± 3.

ABCA1 gene R1587K polymorphism could be associated with metabolic syndrome and increased plasma triglyceride concentration in adults from northern Mexico.

Objectives: to investigate the relationship of R1587K genotypes with cardiovascular (CV) risk, metabolic syndrome (MetS), lipid profile, paraoxonase-1 (PON1) activity, and anti-oxLDL titers. Methods: we performed a cross-sectional study in 57 northern Mexican adults with no reported diseases. The ABCA1 R1587K SNP was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) using TaqMan allelic discrimination probes.

Hot environment on reproductive performance, immunoglobulins, vitamin E, and vitamin A status in sows and their progeny under commercial husbandry.

Hot environments can affect feed intake and lactation, and the subsequent unavailability of important micronutrients to the newborn piglet can impair piglet growth, reduce the viability of newborn piglets and limit their subsequent performance. This work addresses the effects of hot environments (summer season) upon the reproductive performance of sows during gestation and lactation as well as on the serum levels of vitamins and the concentration of immunoglobulins in their litters in comparison with the winter season. Fourteen sows were evaluated over 100 ± 2 days of gestation in each season.

Effect of gamma irradiation doses in the structural and functional properties of mice splenic cells.

Purpose: Ionizing radiation is nowadays effectively used in cancer treatments. However, the effect of irradiation in immune-system cells is poorly understood and remains controversial. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of γ-irradiation in the structural and functional properties of mice splenic cells.

Central obesity and body fat, but not body mass index, are associated with the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ gene in a population with a high consumption of saturated and trans-fatty acids.

The relationship of the Pro12Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) gene with obesity and its modulation by dietary fat has been proposed, but the few studies addressing this issue have yielded controversial results. In a Mexican population characterized by high-fat consumption, we hypothesized that the Pro12Ala PPARγ genotype is related to obesity and this relationship is modulated by intake of saturated fatty acids (SFAs) and trans-fatty acids (TFAs). We recruited 69 adults for this cross-sectional study.

Serological and molecular prevalence of swine influenza virus on farms in northwestern Mexico.

The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the epidemiological status of swine influenza viruses in pigs from northwestern Mexico in 2008-2009. A serological and molecular survey was conducted in 150 pigs from 15 commercial farms in Sonora, Mexico (northwestern region of Mexico). The serological data showed that 55% of the sera were positive for the H1N1 subtype, 59% for the H3N2 subtype, and 38% for both subtypes.

Production of interferon α and β, pro-inflammatory cytokines and the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling (SOCS) in obese subjects infected with influenza A/H1N1.

Background & Aims: Obesity was recognized as an independent risk factor for morbidity and mortality during last influenza A/H1N1 pandemic. Mechanisms involved in the high mortality risk from obesity during influenza A virus include reduced type I interferon production and delayed pro-inflammatory response, which lead to a higher rate of morbidity and mortality in murine models. In this study, we evaluated the production of type I interferons, pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from obese and lean subjects with and without confirmed infection of influenza A/H1N1.

Decreased interferon-α and interferon-β production in obesity and expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling.

Objective: We analyzed the interferon-α (IFN-α), IFN-β, and proinflammatory responses induced by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from obese subjects and their association with suppressor of cytokine signaling-1 (SOCS1) and SOCS3 expression.

Methods: The IFN responses were measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in PBMCs stimulated with TLR-3 and TLR-7 ligands from 30 non-obese (body mass index ≤ 25 kg/m(2)) and 30 obese (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m(2)) volunteers. The mRNA expression of nuclear factor-κB, SOCS1, and SOCS3 also was evaluated by qRT-PCR.

Genetic analysis of avian influenza virus from migratory waterfowl in Mexico.

This study describes the genetic characterization of avian influenza virus from waterfowl in Mexico. Partial sequences of two H5, one H6, and one H9 hemmaglutinin (HA) genes were determined. The deduced amino acid sequences showed that they were low-pathogenic viruses (LPAI).