[The unpublished book on urologic therapy by Dr. D. Victoriano Molina Garcia (1899-1986)].

Objectives: To present the unpublished original book on Urological Therapeutics of Dr. Victoriano Molina, a great urologist from Valencia, and to outline his biographical sketch.

Methods: We read his treaty on therapeutics and his publications with detail.

Analysis of cholinesterases in human prostate and sperm: implications in cancer and fertility.

Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are postulated to play non-cholinergic roles in cellular physiology. The probable implication of cholinesterases (ChEs) in several human pathologies prompted us to study the cholinergic components in the male reproductive system. Surgical pieces of prostatic cancer (PC) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) were analyzed for AChE and BChE activity.

[Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy for the treatment of upper urinary tract transitional cancer].

Objective: To report our series of patients undergoing hand-assisted laparoscopic nephroureterectomy (HALNU) using the pluck-off procedure.

Materials And Methods: Twenty patient undergoing HALMU for upper urinary tract urothelial tumors from November 2002 to December 2007 were assessed. Demographic, clinical, surgical, and oncological data were assessed.

[The stone disease].

Objectives: In this paper we describe the history of lithiasis and the development of its treatment. We discuss the steps that led to the birth of endoscopic surgery and extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy.

Methods: We reviewed books and writings of History of Urology and Endourology.

[New approach in treatment of pelvic chronic pain syndrome (CPPS)].

Introduction: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) is a complex problem that is a major cause of morbidity and disability.

Objective: To evaluate the feasibility, safety and efficacy of intravesical instillation of a new therapeutic tool in patients suffering from CPPS.

Methods: Between june 2005 and september 2008 we recruited 14 patients (mean age 59) who had been diagnosed with CPPS, and refractory to previous treatments.

[Dr. Luis Cifuentes Delatte (1907-2005). Biographical sketch].

Objectives: With the centenary of the birth of Dr. Luis Cifuentes Delatte, considering he in as one of the most transcendental personalities in the Spanish urology of the second half of the 20th-century, we review his life, his environment, and his relationships, and emphasize his life experiences, in addition to his works and research.

Methods: We read his books and articles from Spanish urological journals from 1930, from which we selected the references we found about him.

[Dr. Luis Cifuentes Delatte. Memories and teaching].

Objectives: With the celebration of the centenary of the birth of Dr. Luis Cifuentes Delatte, due to his great scientific personality, we want to emphasize two features that, taken from his works and memories, we consider have not been emphasized enough: his role as historian of urology, both for the histories he narrated of his life experiences and the historical exposition of several pathologies, and also his teaching as professor of several generations of urologists, with the objective of trying to get to know his great human quality as he demonstrated over his life and showed in his writings.

Methods: We review his books and works, lectures and published papers, in addition the news about his person we have collected from the media, and after analysis, mainly of his memories, we extract data reflecting his personality, and they way he thought and behaved.

[Archivos Españoles de Urología. Enrique Pérez Castro's direction (1944-1980)].

Objectives: With the occasion of the centenary of the birth of Dr. Enrique Pérez Castro, founder, first director and editor of the journal Archivos Españoles de Urología, at this time when the issue No. 61 comes out, we performed a historic study of the evolution of the journal throughout the 36 years it was ruled by him, between April 1944 and December 1980.

[Biography of Dr. Enrique Pérez Castro (1908-1980)].

Objectives: With the occasion of the Centenary of Dr. Enrique Pérez Castro's birth, being a relevant figure in our speciality in the second half of the 20th century, we performed a study of the urological environment in which his life was developed and collect the main data about his life and works with the aim of paying tribute to his memory as a great personality in urology.

Methods: We review the books of History of Urology, his writings and the journal Archivos Españoles de Urología during the period of his directorship and as many references related to him as we found.

[The Spanish participation in the Congresses of the International Society of Urology during the 20th century].

Objectives: With the occasion of the Centenary of the Constitution in 1907 of the International Society of Urology, initially named Association, we point at the topics treated and analyze the presence of the Spanish urologists in the foundation act as well as their role and contributions in the meetings during the 20th century.

Methods: We obtained the data from the information in various periodic publications, from the memories of some participant urologists and from the meeting records.

Results: We obtained notes from the foundation meeting of the International Association and two congresses, and also from the 25 congresses of the Society.

[History of rachianesthesia and epidural anesthesia in Spain].

Objectives: To show the beginning of spinal and epidural anesthesia in our country and the contributions of Spanish urologists.

Methods: We reviewed books and writings of History of Medicine, Urology and Anesthesia and Doctoral thesis about spinal and epidural anesthesia.

Results: In the 20th century, surgeons also gave the anesthetic drugs to the patients.

[The teaching of Dr. Francisco Romero Aguirre].

Objectives: After the death of Professor Francisco Romero Aguirre (Zaragoza 6/7/1918-6/28/2006) we want to make known his great teaching vocation, so that we covered his link with University from the start of his studies to his professorship as first professor in urology in the Spanish University (1961), and his work at the chairmanship of the Professional Postgraduate School of Urology in the University of Zaragoza.

Methods: We reviewed his biography, his edited works and publications of the Urology Chair at the University of Zaragoza, and obtained as many references as we found about his teaching activity.

Results: From the start of his academic training he kept a constant union with University and cooperated in all disciplines he had relation with before he got the responsibility of teaching urology.

[The start of urological teaching in the Spanish University. Dr. Alberto Suárez de Mendoza].

Objectives: We present a biographical sketch of Dr. Suarez de Mendoza, one of the first urologists trained as so in the Necker Hospital in Paris with Dr. Guyon, who opened the field to the creation of this speciality in Spain, and first official professor of the subject of in the Faculty of Medicine of Madrid.

[Male aging in the Middle Ages: commentaries on the book by Arnau de Vilanova "Conservatio juventute preservatio senectute"].

In the Middle Ages medical texts the notes about personal hygiene are scarce and they are dedicated to the Kings or the aristocracy. In his work Regimen sanitatis ad inclytum regen Aragorum, Amaldo de Vilanova underlines six things that are necessary for cleanliness, among which he includes his well-known proposition Conservatio juventute preservatio senectute. We compared his text with those from other authors with references to the issue and, once examined, Vilanova's work stands out.

[Bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis: conservative management].

Objective: Lymphangiomatosis is a benign disease of difficult diagnosis. The bilateral form is very rare, being in some cases an incidental finding.

Methods: We report the case of a female patient with the incidental radiological diagnosis of bilateral lymphangiomatosis, who did not present symptoms in relation to the disease.

[Penile sarcoma: a rare tumor].

Objective: We report the case of a penile tumor presenting with lung and lymph node metastasis, with fatal evolution after the absence of response to surgery and adjuvant treatment.

Methods: Male patient presenting with a penile mass appearing progressively, with metastases.

Results: Partial penectomy and adjuvant chemotherapy were performed, with the appearance of a rapidly growing local recurrence which led to death of the patient in a few months.

[Cavernous hemangioma of the bladder].

Objective: Certain pathologic entities should be ruled out in the diagnostic work up of hematuria, because they are so rare that if they would not share diagnostic tests with more frequent urological diseases they could be missed. The cavernous haemangioma of the bladder is one of them.

Methods: We report the case of a male patient presenting with rectal bleeding and hematuria with the diagnosis of rectal-vesical cavernous haemangioma.

[Dr. Puigvert and Archivos Españoles de Urología].

Objectives: For the celebration of the first Century of Dr. Antonio Puigvert Gorro's birth we want to know his contribution to and relationship with Archivos Españoles de Urología.

Methods: We review all articles published by Dr.

[Urological works and biography of Dr. Felipe Alcalá Santaella Nuñez (1927-1977). Historical documentary analysis].

Objectives: In the middle of the 20th century, Urology in Valencia was fully consolidated as a surgical speciality since Prof. Molla started it about the end of the 19th century; Dr. Felipe Alcala Santaella Nuñez stands out as the chairman of the Department of Urology of the "Hospital Provincial de Valencia", after his father Dr.

[Valencia's scientific contribution to the consolidation of Urology as a speciality. Bibliometric classification by subject, author and journal. Historical documentary analysis].

Objectives: Urology, as other medical-surgical specialities, had its consolidation process in the mid 19th century. This phenomenon in the history of medicine occurs around certain authors, which in the case of urology in Valencia was Dr. Raphael Molla Rodrigo, and several key elements such as development of lithotripsy and cystoscopy, as cited by prestigious authors in the second national meeting of history of medicine in Salamanca in 1965.

[Genitourinary tuberculosis in the urologic works of Professor Rafael Mollá Rodrigo].

Objectives: Professor Rafael Molla Rodrigo is considered by some the author who contributed with his scientific work and solid technique to consolidate Urology as a speciality in Valencia. Such importance is also perceived in a national level, as demonstrated by the fact that he belonged to the first board of the Spanish Association of Urology and contributed to its foundation in the two-year period 1910--1911, from his position of head of the department of Surgical Therapy and Operations at the Central University. Genitourinary tuberculosis is one of the most outstanding chapters of his extensive works.

[Alfredo Tramoyeres Cases (1910-2002): first chairman of the Department of Urology at the Ciudad Sanitaria La Fe. Documentary-historical analysis of his works].

Objectives: Urology, having been part of general surgery for centuries, was completely consolidated as a medical speciality in the middle of the XX Century as the result of years of evolution and development, and all the studies and works of certain authors that represent today the mainstays of our speciality. Valencia in the middle of the 20th century saw the birth of new hospitals including the "Ciudad Sanitaria La Fe". Alfredo Tramoyeres Cases was the first chairman of the Department of Urology.

[Hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy vs. open nephrectomy in the treatment of clinically localized renal cell carcinoma. Comparative study].

Introduction: The description of the first laparoscopic nephrectomy made a revolution in the managing of the benign and malignant renal diseases. Hand-assisted laparoscopy (HAL) was developed with the aim of offering advantages to both patients and surgeons. The aim of the present work is to compare, in our experience, the results offered in the radical nephrectomy by HAL and open surgery, by analysis of surgical time, estimated blood loss during surgery and hospital stay.

[Urologic work and biography of Prof. Rafael Alcalá Santaella (1896-1959). Historical document analysis].

Objectives: We find that Urology at the end of the 20th century was a consolidated speciality as a result of years of evolution and development, and the studies and works of authors whose contributions are considered today the basements of our speciality. So we think that Urology should be understood with its historical references, because, as Aristotle said "..