Long-term Functional Urinary and Sexual Outcomes in Patients with Anorectal Malformations-A Systematic Review.

Context: Long-term urinary and sexual outcomes after repair of anorectal malformations (ARMs) are currently affected by concomitant malformations of the urinary tract and genitalia, sacral anomalies, and the surgical approach. However, the overall prevalence of urinary and sexual dysfunction remains unclear.

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of urinary and sexual dysfunction in patients aged >10 yr after repair of ARM in infancy.

Dyssynergic patterns of defecation in constipated adolescents and young adults with anorectal malformations.

We aimed to evaluate the etiologies of constipation in patients with anorectal malformations having a good prognosis for bowel control but a high risk of constipation. We included twenty-five patients from the Odense university hospital in Denmark. Patients were subjected to colon transit time examination and high resolution anorectal manometry (HRAM).

Magnetic resonance imaging of the anal sphincter and spine in patients with anorectal malformations after posterior sagittal anorectoplasty: a late follow-up cross-sectional study.

Purpose: We aimed to assess the association of fecal incontinence to the anatomy of the anal sphincter complex and lower bony spinal anomalies as investigated with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in adolescents and adults with anorectal malformations (ARM) after posterior sagittal anorectoplasty (PSARP).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study in 20 patients with ARM after PSARP. Anatomy of the anorectum and spine were examined with MRI and functional outcome assessed with the Wexner incontinence score.

Impact of Spinal Defects on Urinary and Sexual Outcome in Adults With Anorectal Malformations-A Cross-sectional Study.

Objective: To examine the impact of spinal defects on urinary function, sexual outcome and quality of life in adult patients born with anorectal malformations.

Materials And Methods: A prospective cohort study at Odense University Hospital in Denmark was conducted. From 1985 to 2000, 93 patients were found eligible for participation.

Polyethylene Glycol Maintenance Treatment for Childhood Functional Constipation: A Randomized, Placebo-controlled Trial.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the long-term efficacy of polyethylene glycol (PEG) during maintenance treatment of childhood functional constipation (FC) in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.

Methods: Children (2-16 years) with FC according to the Rome III criteria were randomly assigned to maintenance treatment with PEG or placebo for 24 weeks. Children reporting treatment failure before 24 weeks were switched to conventional treatment.

High mortality among children with gastroschisis after the neonatal period: A long-term follow-up study.

Background: During the last decades neonatal outcomes for children born with gastroschisis have improved significantly. Survival rates >90% have been reported. Early prenatal diagnosis and increased survival enforce the need for valid data for long-term outcome in the pre- and postnatal counseling of parents with a child with gastroschisis.

Conventional treatment of functional constipation has a positive impact on the behavioural difficulties in children with and without faecal incontinence.

Aim: Constipation studies have only evaluated behavioural difficulties in children with faecal incontinence. This study evaluated changes in behavioural difficulties in childhood with functional constipation (FC) with and without faecal incontinence, based on treatment outcomes.

Methods: Children aged five to 16 years who fulfilled the Rome III criteria for FC received conventional treatment.

Congenital Abdominal Wall Defects: Staged closure by Dual Mesh.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical utility of GORE® DUALMESH (GDM) in the staged closure of large congenital abdominal wall defects.

Materials And Methods: Data of patients with congenital abdominal wall defects managed with GDM was analyzed for outcome regarding complete fascial closure; mesh related complications; and post-discharge gastrointestinal surgery.

Results: GDM was placed in 34 (gastroschisis=27, omphalocele=7) patients during the study period.

Follow-up in Childhood Functional Constipation: A Randomized, Controlled Clinical Trial.

Objectives: Guidelines recommend close follow-up during the treatment of childhood functional constipation. Only sparse evidence exists on how follow-up is best implemented. Our aim was to evaluate whether follow-up by phone or self-management through Web-based information improved treatment outcomes.

Intraperitoneal microdialysis in the postoperative surveillance of infants undergoing surgery for congenital abdominal wall defect: A pilot study.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the safety and clinical implication of intraperitoneal microdialysis (MD) in newborns operated on for congenital abdominal wall defect.

Patients And Methods: 13 infants underwent intraperitoneal microdialysis (9 with gastroschisis and 4 with omphalocele). MD samples were collected every four hours and the concentrations of lactate, glycerol, glucose and pyruvate were measured.

Identifying faecal impaction is important for ensuring the timely diagnosis of childhood functional constipation.

Aim: Most research on functional constipation has been carried out at a tertiary level. We focused this study on a secondary-level hospital outpatients' department, assessing the distribution of diagnostic criteria for childhood functional constipation and evaluating the consequences of current diagnostic practice based on current guidelines.

Methods: We enrolled 235 children, aged two to 16 years of age, with functional constipation according to the Rome III criteria and assessed them using medical histories and physical examinations, including rectal examinations and ultrasound measurements of rectal diameter.

Low-fat, high-carbohydrate parenteral nutrition (PN) may potentially reverse liver disease in long-term PN-dependent infants.

Introduction: Parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) is a complication of long-term parenteral nutrition (PN). Removal of lipids may reverse PNAC but compromises the energy to ensure infant growth. The purpose of this study was to test whether a low-fat, high-carbohydrate PN regimen, which prevents and reverses PNAC in adults, could do the same in infants.

Hypothermia of newborns is associated with excess mortality in the first 2 months of life in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa.

Objective: To examine the long-term effects of neonatal hypothermia (HT) on survival.

Methods: Using the longitudinal community and hospital surveillance system of the Bandim Health Project, we followed children born between 1997 and 2002 at the only maternity ward in the city. All children's axillary temperature was measured within 12 h of birth.

Promotion of exclusive breastfeeding is not likely to be cost effective in West Africa. A randomized intervention study from Guinea-Bissau.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of promotion of exclusive breastfeeding on infant health in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa, where mortality rates are high, breastfeeding is widely practiced but exclusive breastfeeding is rare.

Method: At the Bandim Health Project in Guinea Bissau, West Africa, a birth cohort of 1721 infants were randomized to receive health education: promotion of exclusive breastfeeding for the first 4-6 months of life according to WHO recommendations at the time of the study. All children were followed from birth to 6 months of age.