Diastereomer-specific bioaccumulation of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in a coastal food web, Western Norway.

The present study reports diastereomer-specific accumulation of HBCD from a point source in five marine species representing a typical food web in a Norwegian coastal area. Samples of mussels, polychaetes, crabs and seabird eggs were analyzed for the diastereomers α-, β- and γ-HBCD, as well as lipid content and stable isotopes of nitrogen ((15)N/(14)N) to estimate trophic level. Accumulated HBCD did not correlate well with lipid content for most of the species, thus wet-weight based concentrations were included in an assessment of biomagnification.

Bioavailability of hexabromocyclododecane to the polychaete Hediste diversicolor: exposure through sediment and food from a contaminated fjord.

Knowledge of the bioavailability of brominated flame retardants for sediment-dwelling organisms is limited. The present study investigated bioaccumulation of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in the ragworm Hediste diversicolor exposed to field-contaminated sediments and food. Sediments and blue mussels (Mytilus edulis) were sampled from a fjord on the Norwegian west coast known to be highly contaminated with the brominated flame retardant HBCD.

Relevance of 1,2,5,6,9,10-hexabromocyclododecane diastereomer structure on partitioning properties, column-retention and clean-up procedures.

To optimize clean-up procedures for the analysis of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-hexabromocyclododecanes (HBCD) in environmental and biological extracts, their retention behavior on silica gel and florisil was investigated using diverse mobile-phase solvents and accounting for matrix effects. The beta-diastereomer, relative to the alpha- and gamma-diastereomers, is substantially retained on both florisil and silica gel regardless of the solvent used. The beta-diastereomer is therefore prone to undergo selective loss during clean-up.

Accumulation and disposition of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).

The brominated flame retardant hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) has been reported in environmental samples worldwide. The three diastereomers, alpha-, beta- and gamma-HBCD, behave differently in aquatic food webs; likely depending on different factors influencing assimilation efficiency and metabolism. In the present study, two oral exposure experiments with rainbow trout were performed to assess the role of selective uptake on diastereomer-specific accumulation and disposition of HBCD to liver, brain and muscle.

Spatial diastereomer patterns of hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) in a Norwegian fjord.

Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is the third most used brominated flame retardant globally, and has been found widely distributed in the environment. The present study reports concentrations and spatial patterns of alpha, beta and gamma-HBCD in a contaminated Norwegian fjord. Intertidal surface sediment and selected species from the marine food web were sampled at five locations in increasing distance from a known point source of HBCD.

Bioaccumulation of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in selected species from the Barents Sea food web.

The present study reports concentrations and biomagnification potential of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in species from the Barents Sea food web. The examined species included sea ice amphipod (Gammarus wilkitzkii), polar cod (Boreogadus saida), black guillemot (Cepphus grylle) and glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus). These were analyzed for PFAS, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (DDTs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs).

Perfluorinated alkyl substances in plasma, liver, brain, and eggs of glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus) from the Norwegian arctic.

Recent environmental surveys have ascertained the widespread occurrence of perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in tissues of wildlife from the Arctic. In the present study, we investigated the distribution of a suite of PFAS in plasma, liver, brain, and egg samples from adult glaucous gulls (Larus hyperboreus), an apex scavenger-predator seabird breeding in the Norwegian Arctic. Perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) was the predominant PFAS in all samples and was present at concentrations that are the highest reported thus far in any arctic seabird species and populations.

Validation of a screening method based on liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry for analysis of perfluoroalkylated substances in biota.

A screening method for analysis of perfluoroalkylated substances (PFAS) in biota samples has been developed and validated using liver samples from polar cod (Boreogadus saida) and glaucous gull (Larus hyperboreus). The method was based on extraction of target compounds from homogenised samples into the solvent mixture used as mobile phase in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), i.e.