Publications by authors named "Marianne Hartford"
Background: Plasma renin activity (PRA) has been related to all-cause mortality and cardiovascular events in patients with cardiovascular disease. However, data from patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) are sparse.
Methods: Determination of PRA was made in 550 patients with ACS, including a subgroup of 287 patients not on treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers or diuretics, and without heart failure.
Background: Our understanding of the acquisition of intestinal mucosal immunity and the control of poliovirus replication and transmission in later life is still emerging.
Methods: As part of a 2011 randomised, blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial of the experimental antiviral agent pocapavir (EudraCT 2011-004804-38), Swedish adults, aged 18-50 years, who had previously received four doses of inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) in childhood were challenged with a single dose of monovalent oral polio vaccine type 1 (mOPV1). Using faecal samples collected before and serially, over the course of 45 days, after mOPV1 challenge from a subset of placebo-arm participants who did not receive pocapavir (N=12), we investigated the kinetics of the intestinal antibody response to challenge virus by measuring poliovirus type 1-specific neutralising activity and IgA concentrations.
Background: The chemokines CCL19 and CCL21 are up-regulated in atherosclerotic disease and heart failure, and increased circulating levels are found in unstable versus stable coronary artery disease.
Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of CCL19 and CCL21 in acute coronary syndrome (ACS).
Methods: CCL19 and CCL21 levels were analyzed in serum obtained from ACS patients (n = 1,146) on the first morning after hospital admission.
Background: Gender differences in outcome and its predictors in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) continue to be debated.
Objectives: To assess long-term mortality and explore its association with the baseline variables in women and men.
Methods: We followed 2,176 consecutive patients (665 women and 1,511 men) with ACS admitted to a single hospital and still alive after 30 days for a median of 16 years 8 months.
Background: Circulating neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) concentration increases in cardiovascular disease, but the long-term prognostic value of NGAL concentration has not been evaluated in acute coronary syndrome (ACS). We examined the association between NGAL concentration and prognosis in patients with ACS after non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) or STEMI.
Methods And Results: NGAL concentration was measured in blood from 1121 consecutive ACS patients (30% women, mean age 65 years) on the first morning after admission.
Background: Immunodeficient individuals who excrete vaccine-derived polioviruses threaten polio eradication. Antivirals address this threat.
Methods: In a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled study, adults were challenged with monovalent oral poliovirus type 1 vaccine (mOPV1) and subsequently treated with capsid inhibitor pocapavir or placebo.
Background: Prediction of sudden cardiac death (SCD) after acute coronary syndromes (ACS) remains a challenge. Although electrophysiology measures obtained by 3-D vectorcardiography (VCG) shortly after ACS may be useful predictors of SCD, they have not been adopted into clinical practice. The main objective of our study was to assess whether the VCG-derived QRS-T area angle (between area vectors) and the QRS-T angle (between maximum vectors) have additional value beyond standard risk factors in predicting SCD after ACS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: We have developed a new oral vaccine against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), which is the most common cause of bacterial diarrhea in children in developing countries and in travelers.
Methods: The vaccine was tested for safety and immunogenicity alone and together with double-mutant heat-labile toxin (dmLT) adjuvant in a double-blind, placebo-controlled Phase I study in 129 Swedish adults. The vaccine consists of four inactivated recombinant E.
Objective: To study effects of ischemia-reperfusion on ventricular electrophysiology in humans by three-dimensional electrocardiography.
Methods: Fifty-seven patients with first-time acute anterior ST elevation myocardial infarction were monitored from admission and >24h after symptom onset with continuous vectorcardiography (VCG; modified Frank orthogonal leads). Global ventricular depolarization and repolarization (VR) measures were compared at maximum vs.
Multimarker risk assessment including osteoprotegerin and CXCL16 in acute coronary syndromes.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
December 2012
Objective: CXCL16 and osteoprotegerin (OPG) both predict mortality in acute coronary syndromes. We hypothesized that a combination of CXCL16 and OPG concentrations would add prognostic information to the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) score in patients hospitalized for acute coronary syndromes.
Methods And Results: We assessed the associations between circulating OPG and soluble CXCL16 levels, obtained within 24 hours of admission (day 1) and after 3 months, and mortality, heart failure and reinfarction in 1322 patients admitted with acute coronary syndromes.
Autonomic nervous system activity is essential for regulation of ventricular repolarization (VR) and plays an important role in several arrhythmogenic conditions. This study in 31 healthy adult subjects (16 men, 15 women) evaluated the VR response to pharmacologically modulated autonomic nervous system activity applying vectorcardiography (VCG) analysis. During continuous VCG recording, 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoronary artery disease promotes the development of atrial fibrillation (AF). The aim of this study was to determine short- and long-term mortality in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and AF, depending on the AF presentation. A total of 2,335 consecutive patients with ACS were included.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Antibodies against proinflammatory phosphorylcholine (anti-PC) seem to be protective and reduce morbidity. We sought to determine whether low levels of immunoglobulin-M (IgM) autoantibodies against PC add prognostic information in acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Methods: IgM anti-PC titers were measured in serum obtained within 24h of admission from 1185 ACS patients (median age 66 years, 30% women).
Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is common in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). We aimed to describe the value of the CHADS(2) (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥ 75 years, diabetes, prior stroke or transient ischemic attack) score as a risk assessment tool for mortality and stroke in patients with ACS, irrespective of the presence or absence of AF.
Methods: Consecutive patients with ACS admitted to the coronary care unit were prospectively included in a risk stratification study.
Objectives: To determine the additional prognostic value of mitral regurgitation (MR) over B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and clinical characteristics in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Design: Long-term follow-up in a prospective ACS cohort with Doppler-assessed MR, echocardiographically-determined LVEF and plasma BNP levels by ELISA.
Setting: Single-centre university hospital.
Interleukin-18 as a predictor of future events in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol
October 2010
Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the short- and long-term prognostic significance of interleukin-18 (IL-18) levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS).
Methods And Results: In patients hospitalized with ACS (median age, 66 years; 30% females), we evaluated associations of serum IL-18 levels from day 1 (n=1261) with the short- (<3 months) and long-term (median, 7.6 years) risk of death, development of congestive heart failure (CHF), and myocardial infarction (MI).
Aim: To describe changes in chest pain and dyspnoea during a period of 15 years after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and to define factors at the time of operation that were associated with the occurrence of these symptoms after 15 years.
Design: Prospective observational study in western Sweden.
Subjects: All patients who underwent first-time CABG, without simultaneous valve surgery, between 1 June 1988 and 1 June 1991.
Objectives: To describe changes in quality of life (QoL) during 15 years after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and prediction of impaired QoL after 15 years.
Methods: All patients in western Sweden who underwent primary CABG without simultaneous valve surgery between 1988 and 1991 were included. QoL during a period of 15 years after CABG was evaluated with three instruments: the Nottingham Health Profile, the Psychological General Well-Being Index, and the Physical Activity Score.
Background: CXCL16/SR-PSOX is an interferon-gamma-regulated chemokine and scavenger receptor for oxidized low-density lipoprotein that is expressed in atherosclerotic lesions. Proteolytic cleavage of membrane-bound CXCL16 releases soluble CXCL16, which may promote migration of effector T cells and augment a proatherogenic inflammatory response. We hypothesized that soluble CXCL16 concentrations are associated with long-term outcome in patients with acute coronary syndromes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAims: To determine whether circulating levels of chromogranin A (CgA) provide prognostic information independently of conventional risk markers in acute coronary syndromes (ACSs).
Methods And Results: We measured circulating CgA levels on day 1 in 1268 patients (median age 67 years, 70% male) with ACS admitted to a single coronary care unit of a Scandinavian teaching hospital. The merit of CgA as a biomarker was evaluated after adjusting for conventional cardiovascular risk factors.
Background: The purpose of the study is to describe (a) changes in physical activity and symptoms of chest pain and dyspnea during 10 years after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and (b) risk indicators for chest pain and dyspnea 10 years after CABG.
Methods: This is a prospective observational study in Western Sweden. The study includes all patients who underwent CABG without simultaneous valve surgery and with no previous CABG between June 1, 1988, and June 1, 1991.
Background: Knowledge about the simultaneous influence of diabetes and hypertension on outcome among patients with ischemic heart disease is limited. The objective of this survey was to describe the characteristics, treatment and outcome among patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in relation to previous history of hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus (DM) or a combination of the two.
Methods: Consecutive patients admitted to the Coronary Care Unit, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg Sweden aged <80 years fulfilling criteria for ACS during 1995 until 2001 were followed for a median of 8 years.
Among 388 patients with ST-elevation and myocardial infarction admitted to hospital with ambulance, we found the following to be independent predictors of the short term (30 days) mortality rate; Age and treatment with aspirin prior to hospital admission. The following were associated with long term (30 days to 5 years) mortality rate; age, a history of diabetes and fast track to CCU.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: To describe treatment and outcome in all patients in a community with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in relation to gender.
Methods: All patients discharged from hospital between 2001 and 2002 in Göteborg, Sweden, with a diagnosis of AMI underwent a survey to find possible gender differences. All p-values are age adjusted.