Social anxiety disorder in 300 patients hospitalized for alcoholism in Brazil: high prevalence and undertreatment.

Background: Although the frequency of social phobia is high among alcoholic patients, this anxiety disorder is often neglected because treatment tends to be focused exclusively on alcohol dependence.

Methods: A total of 300 hospitalized alcoholic patients were interviewed using Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition and Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale as well a questionnaire to check the use of medication for social phobia among alcoholics and the relationship between social phobia and alcohol use.

Results: A prevalence of 30.

Glucose and lactate utilization by the amygdala of male and female rats.

Gonadal hormones appear to modulate brain energy metabolism, and morphological and functional sexual differences are found in the amygdaloid complex (AC) of rats. Our aim was to study the CO2 production and lipid synthesis, measured by the rate of L-[U-14C]lactate or D-[U-14C]glucose utilization (in pmol x hr(-1) x mg(-1)), by AC slices in vitro of male and female rats. Lactate was more used than glucose as energy substrate (p < 0.