The early educational environment at five years of age in a European cohort of children born very preterm: challenges and opportunities for research.

Background: Early childhood education offers opportunities for stimulation in multiple developmental domains and its positive impact on long-term outcomes and wellbeing for children is well documented. Few studies have explored early education in children born very preterm (VPT; <32 weeks of gestation) who are at higher risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and poor educational outcomes than their term-born peers. The purpose of the study is to describe and compare the educational environment of children born VPT in European countries at 5 years of age according to the degree of perinatal risk.

The aetiology of preterm birth and risks of cerebral palsy and cognitive impairment: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aim: The associations between the aetiology of preterm birth and later neurodevelopmental outcomes are unclear. A systematic review and meta-analysis examined the existing evidence.

Methods: The PubMed and Embase databases were searched for papers published in English from inception to 16 December 2020.

Life satisfaction in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic among middle school adolescents in France: findings from a repeated cross-sectional survey (EnCLASS, 2012-2021).

Background And Aims: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, several studies have reported a decrease in adolescents' well-being. We aim to describe life satisfaction over the last decade and examine the factors associated with its variations between 2020 and 2021 among French students in their last year of middle school (around 14-15 years old).

Methods: Data were drawn from a repeated biennial cross-sectional national survey conducted in French schools over the last decade (EnCLASS study), using a self-administered questionnaire.

Developmental motor problems and health-related quality of life in 5-year-old children born extremely preterm: A European cohort study.

Aim: To measure the association between cerebral palsy (CP) and non-CP-related movement difficulties and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among 5-year-old children born extremely preterm (<28 weeks gestational age).

Method: We included 5-year-old children from a multi-country, population-based cohort of children born extremely preterm in 2011 to 2012 in 11 European countries (n = 1021). Children without CP were classified using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children, Second Edition as having significant movement difficulties (≤5th centile of standardized norms) or being at risk of movement difficulties (6th-15th centile).

Heterogeneity of design features in studies included in systematic reviews with meta-analysis of cognitive outcomes in children born very preterm.

Background: Meta-analyses of the voluminous scientific literature on the impact of very preterm (VPT, <32 weeks' gestation) birth on cognition find a marked deficit in intelligence quotient (IQ) among children born VPT relative to term-born peers, but with unexplained between-study heterogeneity in effect size.

Objectives: To conduct an umbrella review to describe the design and methodology of primary studies and to assess whether methodological heterogeneity affects the results of meta-analyses.

Data Sources: Primary studies from five systematic reviews with meta-analysis on VPT birth and childhood IQ.

Health-related quality of life of children born very preterm: a multinational European cohort study.

Purpose: This study aims to (1) describe the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes experienced by children born very preterm (28-31 weeks' gestation) and extremely preterm (< 28 weeks' gestation) at five years of age and (2) explore the mediation effects of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and severe non-respiratory neonatal morbidity on those outcomes.

Methods: This investigation was based on data for 3687 children born at < 32 weeks' gestation that contributed to the EPICE and SHIPS studies conducted in 19 regions across 11 European countries. Descriptive statistics and multi-level ordinary linear squares (OLS) regression were used to explore the association between perinatal and sociodemographic characteristics and PedsQL GCS scores.

Prevalence and characteristics of children with cerebral palsy according to socioeconomic status of areas of residence in a French department.

Aim: To study the association between the socioeconomic environment of area of residence and prevalence and characteristics of children with cerebral palsy (CP).

Method: Data on 8-year-old children with CP born in 2000-2011 (n = 252) were extracted from a regional population-based register in France. The European Deprivation Index (EDI), available at census block level, characterised socioeconomic deprivation in the child's area of residence at age of registration.

Chronic health conditions and school experience in school-aged children in 19 European countries.

This study investigates chronic conditions (CC) prevalence among children in mainstream schools, their school experience and life satisfaction in Europe. Data were collected from the 2017/2018 HBSC survey, a cross-national study using self-reported questionnaires administered in classrooms. Nationally representative samples of children aged 11, 13, and 15 years in mainstream schools from 19 European countries (n = 104,812) were used.

Maternal education and cognitive development in 15 European very-preterm birth cohorts from the RECAP Preterm platform.

Background: Studies are sparse and inconclusive about the association between maternal education and cognitive development among children born very preterm (VPT). Although this association is well established in the general population, questions remain about its magnitude among children born VPT whose risks of medical and developmental complications are high. We investigated the association of maternal education with cognitive outcomes in European VPT birth cohorts.

The challenges of heterogeneity in gestational age and birthweight inclusion criteria for research synthesis on very preterm birth and childhood cognition: An umbrella review and meta-regression analysis.

Background: Meta-analyses of studies on very preterm (VPT) birth and childhood cognition select primary studies using gestational age inclusion criteria only, while others also include birthweight criteria. The consequences of this choice are unknown.

Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the gestational age (GA) and birthweight (BW) criteria used in studies of VPT birth and cognition and to investigate whether meta-analysis results differ based on these criteria.

Disparity of child/parent-reported quality of life in cerebral palsy persists into adolescence.

Aim: To examine the evolution of child-parent discrepancy in reporting quality of life (QoL) between childhood and adolescence in children with cerebral palsy (CP) and to investigate potential factors associated with such a discrepancy.

Method: We used data from the SPARCLE (Study of PARticipation of Children with CP Living in Europe) study, a population-based cohort study of children with CP, aged 8 to 12 years at baseline (in 2004-2005), in nine European centres, who were followed up at the age of 13 to 17 years. The KIDSCREEN-52 Quality of Life measure was used at baseline and follow-up; 354 child-parent dyads out of 500 eligible dyads were followed up (201 males, 153 females).

Defining Very Preterm Populations for Systematic Reviews With Meta-analyses.

This review compares the selection criteria, findings, and heterogeneity of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of cognitive outcomes among children considered very preterm at birth.

Priorities for collaborative research using very preterm birth cohorts.

Objectives: To develop research priorities on the consequences of very preterm (VPT) birth for the RECAP Preterm platform which brings together data from 23 European VPT birth cohorts.

Design And Setting: This study used a two-round modified Delphi consensus process. Round 1 was based on 28 research themes related to childhood outcomes (<12 years) derived from consultations with cohort researchers.

Education disparities in young people with and without neurodisabilities.

Aim: To examine key outcomes in the education of young people with and without neurodisabilities, and to investigate additional disparities in educational achievement in relation to socio-economic background.

Method: Data were collected on 2488 Canadian children (age range 10-11y) in 1994 and 1995 from the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth whom were followed for 14 years. We performed separate, discrete-time survival analysis to investigate the effects of having a neurodisability on high school completion, enrolment in post-secondary education (PSE), and PSE completion.

School Start Time and the Healthy Weight of Adolescents.

Purpose: Studies have found that an early school start time is detrimental to the sleep, health, and well-being of youth, but its association with body weight remains unclear. We examined this association in Canadian adolescents.

Methods: We collected information on start times from 362 schools that participated in the 2013/2014 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children Study (n = 29,635 students; ages 10-18).

Socioeconomic and behavioral determinants of tooth brushing frequency: results from the representative French 2010 HBSC cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To describe tooth brushing frequency and its association with a wide range of socioeconomic and behavioral characteristics, using a nationally representative sample of school-aged children in France.

Methods: Our sample included 11,337 students aged from 10 to 16 years, who answered the HBSC questionnaire. Some variables were grouped into composite variables, thus generating scores for: eating habits, health and body, relationships with parents, socioeconomic status (SES) of family, and school life.

Physical Activity Among Adolescents With Long-Term Illnesses or Disabilities in 15 European Countries.

Physical activity (PA) is an important health-promoting behavior from which adolescents with long-term illnesses or disabilities (LTID) can benefit. It is important to monitor differences across countries in adherence with PA recommendations for health. The aim of this study was to compare PA levels among 15 European countries after disaggregating data by disability.

Early-life family income and subjective well-being in adolescents.

Purpose: Subjective well-being (SWB) in youths positively relates to family income, however its association with income during childhood is unclear. Using longitudinal data from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics (n = 2234 adolescents, age 12-19 years), we examined whether the timing and duration of low family income in childhood was associated with adolescent SWB.

Methods: We categorized family income during childhood into state-specific quintiles.

Relative deprivation and episodes of drunkenness among French and Canadian adolescents.

Introduction And Aims: Studies link socio-economic deprivation to alcohol consumption in adolescents, but the role of relative deprivation has been understudied and may be equally important. This study investigates the association between relative deprivation and episodes of drunkenness among adolescents in France and Canada.

Design And Methods: We used data from the 2014 Health Behaviours in School-aged Children study collected from 15-year-olds in Canada (n = 4276) and France (n = 1625).

Hunger and overweight in Canadian school-aged children: A propensity score matching analysis.

Objective: The last decade saw a higher prevalence of overweight reported among food-insecure families in Canada, but no robust evidence exists on the covariate-adjusted association in children. In this study, we examined the association between hunger and overweight in Canadian students, using a propensity score matching analysis to reduce confounding.

Methods: This research used data from the 2009/2010 Canadian Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study on a representative national sample of students in Grades 6 through 10.

School start time and sleep in Canadian adolescents.

Insufficient sleep is a serious problem in adolescents and school start time is thought to be a key contributor. This study provided the first comprehensive assessment of school start times across Canada and examined whether school start times were associated with sleep duration and tiredness among adolescents. We collected information on school start times from 362 schools that participated in the 2013/2014 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children study.

Alcohol, tobacco and cannabis use: Do students with mild-intellectual disability mimic students in the general population?

Education policies encourage inclusion of students with mild-intellectual disability (mild-ID) in community/school life. However, such policies potentially increase exposure to substance use. This article examines tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use among French students enrolled in special units for students with disabilities (ULIS) at mainstream junior high schools compared to those of general population of the equivalent age; and explores factors associated with substance use among ULIS students, known to present mostly mild-ID.