The Extra-Extended Translabyrinthine Approach for Resection of Large Acoustic Neuroma: 2-Dimensional Operative Video.

The extended translabyrinthine approach to acoustic neuroma (AN) was created to allow improved visualization and access to larger tumors.1,2 The dural opening, however, remained confined to the presigmoid space. Other authors have introduced modifications to increase the dura exposure around the internal auditory canal (IAC).

Does a patient with acquired arbovirus infection have a hearing impairment? A scoping review of hearing changes in an adult with Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika.

Objectives: To identify and understand the evidence regarding hearing changes related to acquired Dengue, Chikungunya, and Zika virus infection in adult individuals.

Methods: A scoping review was performed according to the recommendations of The Joanna Briggs Institute and guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews in the Embase, PubMed/Medline, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Web of Science databases without restriction on language and year of publication. Case studies, observational studies, and clinical trials reporting hearing loss in adult subjects (>18-60 years of age) of both sexes with DENV, CHIKV, or ZIKV diagnosed by positive molecular/serological examination by RT-PCR or IgM/IgG by ELISA method were included.

Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials in Children with Prenatal Exposure to Zika Virus.

Prenatal exposure to ZIKV can cause neurologic and auditory damage. The electrophysiological responses obtained by Cortical Auditory Evoked Potentials (CAEP) may provide an objective method to investigate the function of cortical auditory pathways in children exposed to ZIKV. This case series analyzed the findings of CAEP in prenatal-period ZIKV-exposed children with and without microcephaly.

Frequency-Following Response and Auditory Behavior in Children with Prenatal Exposure to the Zika Virus.

 Prenatal exposure to the Zika virus can impair neurodevelopment and cause auditory damage.  To analyze the frequency-following response (FFR) and the auditory behavior (with the questionnaire) of children with and without prenatal exposure to Zika virus infection.  A total of 30 children participated in the present study, divided into 3 groups: 10 children with microcephaly and prenatal exposure to the Zika virus; 10 normocephalic children with prenatal exposure to the Zika virus; and 10 children with no evidence of prenatal exposure to the virus.

Descriptive study of goat external and middle ear through computed tomography and endoscopic evaluation, compared with the human ear.

Objective: To describe the external and middle ear of goats, using computed tomography and endoscopic dissection, comparing them with the anatomy of the human ear, aiming to evaluate the viability of this animal model for training in otological endoscopic surgery.

Methods: Images of the external and middle ear of goats were produced by computed tomography in the coronal and axial planes and analyzed. The radiological anatomy of the external and middle goat and human ear are described.

Clinical and Radiological Profiles of COVID-19 Patients with Neurological Symptomatology: A Comparative Study.

Patients with COVID-19 can require radiological examination, with chest CT being more frequent than neuro-imaging. The objective is to identify epidemiological, clinical and radiological factors considered as predictors of neurological involvement in patients with COVID-19 assessed by neuroimaging and to describe the neuroimaging findings. This retrospective study was performed with 232 consecutive confirmed COVID-19 patients, from two radiological units, which were divided into two groups: (1) those who underwent a brain CT/MRI scan (n = 35) versus (2) those who did not undergo the brain CT/MRI scan, but underwent only chest CT ( = 197).

Hearing and communicative skills in the first years of life in children with congenital Zika syndrome.

Introduction: Microcephaly is recognized as one of the main consequences of congenital Zika syndrome, but other serious problems such as global hypertonia, irritability, excessive crying, swallowing disorders, seizures, visual impairment and sensorineural hearing loss have been identified as associated with the syndrome.

Objective: Describe the developmental characteristics of hearing and language skills in the first year of life of children with normal hearing thresholds' and congenital Zika syndrome.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that evaluated hearing and language skills in the first year of life of 88 children with normal peripheral hearing and confirmed congenital Zika syndrome.

The Value of Electrically Evoked Stapedius Reflex in Determining the Maximum Comfort Level of a Cochlear Implant.

Background: One of the most important steps for good user performance with a cochlear implant (CI) is activation and programming, aimed at determining the dynamic range. In adults, current levels are determined by psychophysical measures. In babies, small children, or individuals with multiple disorders, this procedure requires techniques that may provide inconsistent responses because of auditory inexperience or the age of the child, making it a very difficult process that demands the collaboration of both the patient and the family.

Discordant clinical outcomes of congenital Zika virus infection in twin pregnancies.

Congenital Zika syndrome is an emergent cause of a congenital infectious disorder, resulting in severe damage to the central nervous system and microcephaly. Despite advances in understanding the pathophysiology of the disease, we still do not know all the mechanisms enrolled in the vertical transmission of the virus. As has already been reported in other types of congenital infectious disorders in dizygotic twin pregnancies, it is possible that the virus affects only one of the fetuses.

Description of 13 Infants Born During October 2015-January 2016 With Congenital Zika Virus Infection Without Microcephaly at Birth - Brazil.

Congenital Zika virus infection can cause microcephaly and severe brain abnormalities (1). Congenital Zika syndrome comprises a spectrum of clinical features (2); however, as is the case with most newly recognized teratogens, the earliest documented clinical presentation is expected to be the most severe. Initial descriptions of the effects of in utero Zika virus infection centered prominently on the finding of congenital microcephaly (3).

Relationship between auditory perception and vocal production in cochlear implantees: a systematic review.

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review of the scientific literature studying the relationship between vocal production and auditory perception in cochlear implant users.

Research Strategies: This is an integrative systematic review. The plattforms/databases Bireme, SciELO, Cochrane, Scopus and Web of Science were consulted and the descriptors used were voice, cochlear implant and auditory perception.

Treatment of tympanic membrane perforation using bacterial cellulose: a randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Promising treatments for tympanic membrane perforation closure have been studied. Therapies derived from tissue engineering probably eliminate the need for conventional surgery. Bacterial cellulose is presented as an alternative that is safe, biocompatible, and has low toxicity.

The anatomical orientation of the middle turn of the cochlea: importance during surgical implantation of the ossified cochlea.

Hypothesis: The physical relationship between anatomical landmarks such as the tympanic portion of the facial nerve and the orientation of the middle turn of the cochlea are sufficiently constant to provide guidance to surgeons performing cochlear implantation in the ossified cochlea.

Background: Placing an implant in an ossified cochlea is technically difficult. The surgeon needs to drill two tunnels through the promontory bone to insert electrode arrays in the region of the basal and middle turns of the cochlea.

Middle ear packing materials: comparison between absorbable hemostatic gelatine sponge and sugarcane biopolymer sponge in rats.

Introduction: Several biomaterials can be used in ear surgery to pack the middle ear or support the graft. The absorbable gelatin sponge is the most widely used, but it may produce fibrosis and impair ventilation of the middle ear.

Objective: This experimental study aimed to investigate the inflammatory effects of the sugarcane biopolymer sponge (BP) in the rat middle ear compared with absorbable gelatin sponge (AGS).

The importance of electrically evoked stapedial reflex in cochlear implant.

Introduction: The most important stage in fitting a cochlear implant is the identification of its dynamic range. The use of objective measures, in particular the electrically elicited stapedius reflex, may provide suitable assistence for initial fitting of cochlear implant, especially in children or adult with multiple disorders, because they provide specific values that serve as the basis of early cochlear implant programming.

Objective: Verify through a review the use of the electrically elicited stapedius reflex threshold during the activation and mapping process of cochlear implant.

Sound localization and occupational noise.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of occupational noise on sound localization in different spatial planes and frequencies among normal hearing firefighters.

Method: A total of 29 adults with pure-tone hearing thresholds below 25 dB took part in the study. The participants were divided into a group of 19 firefighters exposed to occupational noise and a control group of 10 adults who were not exposed to such noise.

Applicability of the P300 frequency pattern test to assess auditory processing.

Unlabelled: Temporal ordering and auditory attention are important skills in information processing, being evaluated by a behavioral test, as the frequency pattern test (FPT) in temporal ordering (TO) and electrophysiological testing, as the P300 in auditory attention.

Objective: To analyze the applicability of FPT and P300 as testing for auditory processing.

Method: We performed an integrative literature review, with papers that met the inclusion criteria, using the MedLine, LILACS and SciELO databases, with the keywords: hearing attention, P300 evoked potential, P300 and electrophysiology, temporal ordering, processing and FPT.

Non-flat audiograms in sensorineural hearing loss and speech perception.

Objective: The audibility thresholds for the sound frequency of 137 upward- and downward-sloping audiograms showing sensorineural hearing loss were selected and analyzed in conjunction with speech recognition thresholds obtained from individuals seen at a public otolaryngology clinic to determine which frequencies in slope audiograms best represent speech recognition thresholds.

Method: The linear regression model and mean square error were used to determine the associations between the threshold values.

Result: The mean square error identified larger errors when using thresholds of 500, 1000, and 2000 Hz than when using audibility thresholds of 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz.

[Sugarcane biopolymer membrane: experimental evaluation in the middle ear].

New developments on biomaterials are important in surgery. The behavior of a new membrane produced from sugarcane will be evaluated in the middle ear of rats. This study analyzed the results from the interaction of the sugarcane-base biopolymer membrane in the middle ear of a rat.

Bulimia nervosa as a risk factor for voice disorders--literature review.

Unlabelled: Bulimia nervosa (BN) is a type of feeding disorder that starts in adolescence and presents a variety of symptoms, recurrent vomiting in the oral cavity that may reach down to the larynx - similarly to gastro-esophageal reflux, causing laryngeal and voice disorder alterations.

Aim: These studies aimed at surveying the literature and investigate the studies that considered BN a risk factor for voice disorders.

Results: of the ninety three papers we found, twenty-three were used as a basis for this review, among them, only three discuss BN as an etiology factor associated with voice changes in adult women, and we did not find any paper associating this with bulimic teenagers.