Abernethy Malformation: Possible Diagnosis for Patients with Congenital Heart Disease and Persistent Cyanosis.

Clinical Data: Infant, nine months of age, female, diagnosed with congenital heart disease, with signs of heart failure associated with cyanosis and difficulty in gaining weight.

Chest Radiography: Cardiomegaly with prevalence of pulmonary vascular network.

Electrocardiogram: Ectopic atrial rhythm with right ventricular overload and left anterosuperior divisional block.

The association between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine polymorphisms and periventricular leukomalacia in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy.

Background: Periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) is a frequent consequence of hypoxic-ischemic injury. Functional cytokine gene variants that result in altered production of inflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-α] and interleukin-1beta [IL-1β]) or anti-inflammatory (interleukin-10 [IL-10]) cytokines may modify disease processes, including PVL.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate if there is a relationship between the two proinflammatory polymorphisms (TNF-α-1031T/C and IL-1β-511C/T) and the anti-inflammatory polymorphism IL-10-1082G/A and PVL risk in Brazilian newborns with and without this injury.