Three-dimensional replica of the temporal bone in the teaching of human anatomy.

Purpose: The current study proposes the comparison of the visualization and identification of anatomical details between natural human temporal bone, its respective copy from three-dimensional printing, and the virtual model obtained from CBCT.

Methods: The sample consisted of undergraduate students in Dentistry (Group UE, n = 22), Postgraduate students in Radiology and Imaging (Group P-RI, n = 20), and Postgraduate students in Forensic Odontology (Group P-FO, n = 24). All participants attended a theoretical class on specialized anatomy of the temporal bone and subsequently performed the markings of 10 determined structures.

Influence of surgeon experience on implant placement in guided surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Statement Of Problem: Guided surgical techniques in implant dentistry use virtual planning to accurately position implants. Understanding the effect of a surgeon's experience on guided surgery is essential to ensure successful outcomes.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials was to evaluate the influence of a surgeon's experience on the accuracy of implant positioning in guided surgery for completely or partially edentulous patients.

Modulating the sEH/EETs Axis Restrains Specialized Proresolving Mediator Impairment and Regulates T Cell Imbalance in Experimental Periodontitis.

Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids are short-acting lipids involved in resolution of inflammation. Their short half-life, due to its metabolism by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), limits their effects. Specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) are endogenous regulatory lipids insufficiently synthesized in uncontrolled and chronic inflammation.

Prevalence and Characterization of External Cervical Resorption Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of external cervical resorption (ECR) and characterize the cases of ECR using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: High-resolution CBCT scans of 6216 patients (2280 males and 3936 females), consecutively acquired during the period July 2021 to March 2022, were analyzed. Identified cases of ECR were characterized by 3 evaluators regarding lesion height, circumferential spread, portal of entry proximity to root canal, stage, location, and width.

Evaluation of Mandibular Bone Microstructure in CT Scans of People with Sickle Cell Disease.

Objective:  Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a common inherited disease, and is characterized by a genetic modification that determines the production of a hemoglobin with altered morphology. This anatomical change of hemoglobin leads to vaso-occlusive disorders and premature hemolysis of the cell, causing chronic anemia and bone marrow hyperplasia due to increased hematopoietic demand. As a consequence, several skeletal changes are reported in the skull, spine, ribs, pelvis, femur, and metatarsals.

Influence of CBCT-derived panoramic curve variability in the measurements for dental implant planning.

Objective: To investigate whether the curve markings performed prior to panoramic and cross-sectional reconstructions can influence the planning of oral implants.

Methods: Twenty oral radiologists landmarked the reference panoramic curves in 25 CBCT scans of the mandible. Bone height was measured on the resulting cross-sectional slices in the edentulous region of the lower first molar.

Pulp volume quantification methods in cone-beam computed tomography for age estimation: A critical review and meta-analysis.

The secondary dentin deposition that occurs after the tooth formation process results in a decrease in pulp cavity volume in adolescents and adults. The purpose of this critical review was to correlate pulpal and/or dental volume on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with chronological age approximation. A subobjective was to investigate which methodology and CBCT technical parameters would be most appropriate to evaluate this correlation.

Soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibition enhances production of specialized pro-resolving lipid mediator and promotes macrophage plasticity.

Background And Purpose: Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and other epoxy fatty acids (EpFA) are lipid mediators that are rapidly inactivated by soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Uncontrolled and chronic inflammatory disorders fail to sufficiently activate endogenous regulatory pathways, including the production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). Here, we addressed the relationship between SPMs and the EET/sEH axis and explored the effects of sEH inhibition on resolving macrophage phenotype.

Assessment of cone beam computed tomography for determining position and prognosis of interradicular mini-implants.

Objective: To investigate the influence of dynamic visualization of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans on orthodontist's assessment of positioning status and prognosis of interradicular mini-implants (MI).

Methods: Three MI positions were virtually simulated in thirty CBCT volumes: (1) MI 1 mm from the lamina dura (LD), (2) MI touching the LD and (3) MI overlapping the LD. Each position was exposed to orthodontists (n = 35) as panoramic reconstruction, sagittal reconstruction and a sequence of axial slices.

Evaluation of the Nasopalatine Canal of Patients With and Without Cleft Lip and Palate in CBCT Exams.

Objective: To identify and compare the morphology and dimensions of the nasopalatine canal (NPC) of individuals with and without cleft lip and palate using Conical Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) images and to relate the results to the type of cleft and tooth absences in the region.

Setting: This is a cross-sectional, analytical study with a retrospective sample.

Patients, Participants: 100 CBCT exams from patients with cleft lip and palate and 100 CBCT exams from patients without cleft lip and palate were used.

High doses of zoledronic acid induce differential effects on femur and jawbone microstructure.

Objectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the long-term effects on jaw and femur bone induced by oncologic doses of zoledronic acid in a young rat model.

Material And Methods: Six 12-week-old male Wistar rats received zoledronic acid (0.6 mg/kg) and six control rats received saline solution in the same volume.

A large sample-sized study on dental development of children treated at the Central Dental Clinic (OCEx) of the Brazilian Army.

Objectives: To test and compare the performance of two radiographic methods for dental age estimation on a large sample of Brazilian boys and girls.

Material And Methods: The sample consisted of 1.990 panoramic radiographs of Brazilian children (age: 3-15.

Beneficial effects of a mouthwash containing an antiviral phthalocyanine derivative on the length of hospital stay for COVID-19: randomised trial.

The risk of contamination and dissemination by SARS-CoV-2 has a strong link with nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities. Recently, our research group observed the promising performance of an anionic phthalocyanine derivative (APD) used in a mouthwash protocol without photoexcitation; this protocol improved the general clinical condition of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. The present two-arm study evaluated in vitro the antiviral activity and cytotoxicity of APD.

Tomographic study of Jaw bone changes in patients with bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis.

Background: Bisphosphonates (BP) are synthetic pyrophosphate-like substances with antiresorptive properties and specifically affect osteoclastic activity. In 2007, the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons (AAOMS) defined diagnostic criteria for Osteonecrosis of the Jaws Associated with Bisphosponates (BRONJ). BRONJ is mainly diagnosed by clinical features, but the detection of early bone changes by imaging may help prevent and better understand the disease.

Morphometric evaluation of bone regeneration in segmental mandibular bone defects filled with bovine bone xenografts in a split-mouth rabbit model.

Background: Bovine bone grafts have been widely used in dentistry for guided tissue regeneration and can support new bone formation in direct contact with the graft. The aim of this study was to compare the morphometric and bone density changes after using two different bovine bone graft blocks in segmental osseous defects in the mandible of rabbits following different postoperative periods.

Material And Methods: Critical size segmental defects were surgically created bilaterally in the jaw of 18 rabbits.

Assessment of spontaneous resolution of idiopathic bone cavity.

Idiopathic Bone Cavity (IBC) or Simple Bone Cyst (SBC) is a non- epithelialized bone cavity with serosanguinous fluid content or empty. There is a literature debate regarding its pathogenesis that remains unclear. The main treatment option is the surgical exploration, although there are successful cases described in the literature in which just a follow-up with clinical and radiographic evaluation was performed.

Zoledronic Acid Induces Site-Specific Structural Changes and Decreases Vascular Area in the Alveolar Bone.

Purpose: The aim was to assess the effect of a relevant regimen of zoledronic acid (ZA) treatment for the study of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw on alveolar bone microstructure and vasculature. A sub-objective was to use 3-dimensional imaging to describe site-specific changes induced by ZA in the alveolar bone.

Materials And Methods: Five Wistar rats received ZA (0.

Lichen planus-like drug reaction associated with recombinant human growth hormone therapy in a child patient with Turner syndrome.

Turner syndrome (TS) is a genetic disease with an incidence rate of between 1:2000 and 1:5000 live female births. The treatment of TS differs according to age and Recombinant Human Growth Hormone (RHGH) therapy is usually given for the treatment of short stature in girls with TS in childhood. We describe the first case of a TS patient who presented with a clinical picture compatible with oral and palmoplantar lichen planus-like reaction during RHGH therapy; spontaneous remission occurred after therapy suspension.

Expression of adhesion proteins (E-cadherin and β-catenin) and cell proliferation (Ki-67) at the invasive tumor front in conventional oral squamous cell and basaloid squamous cell carcinomas.

Objective: Investigate, on a comparative basis, the expression of the adhesion molecules E-cadherin (E-cad), β-catenin (β-cat) and the proliferation index (Ki-67) at the invasive tumor front (ITF) in squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and basaloid squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC).

Material And Methods: Thirty-five SCC and 16 BSCC cases were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Clinicopathological and survival data were also evaluated and compared.

E-cadherin, β-catenin, and α2β1 and α3β1 integrin expression in primary oral squamous cell carcinoma and its regional metastasis.

To investigate E-cadherin, β-catenin, and α2β1 and α3β1 integrins in 40 samples of non-metastatic and metastatic oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) with positive cervical lymph nodes (LN). Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate expression in the lesion center (LC) and invasive tumor front (ITF) of non-metastatic (n=18) and metastatic (n=22) OSCC and in the LN on the metastatic neoplastic cells (MNC; n=22). In metastatic OSCC, E-cadherin and β-catenin presented significantly lower cytoplasmic membrane expression in the ITF and MNC when compared to the LC and lower cytoplasmic expression in MNC when compared to the LC and ITF (p<0.

Mandibular ramus length as an indicator of chronological age and sex.

Age and sex estimation is crucial in forensic investigations, whether in legal situations that involve living people or to identify mortal remains. The aim of this study was to establish reference values in a Brazilian population to estimate age and sex by measuring the length of the mandibular ramus on lateral cephalometric radiographs, and to determine the probability that an individual being is 18 years or older, based on the results that were obtained. Two hundred and eighteen scanned lateral cephalograms of individuals between 6 and 20 years of age (101 males and 117 females) were measured with reference to mandibular ramus length (the distance between Condylion superior (Cs) and Gonion (Go)) using ImageJ 1.