2024 AAHA Fluid Therapy Guidelines for Dogs and Cats.

Fluids are drugs used in veterinary patients capable of producing beneficial therapeutic or inadvertent harmful effects within the body's intravascular, interstitial, and intracellular fluid spaces. The individualized design of a fluid therapy plan requires careful patient assessment and targeted selection of proper fluid types, administration routes, and rates, along with adjustments during therapy tailored specifically as per the individual patient's fluid requirement and therapeutic response. Personalized fluid prescriptions and vigilant patient monitoring help avoid patient morbidity from body fluid deficiencies, fluid excess, and electrolyte derangements and support better patient outcomes.

Fluid and Electrolyte Therapy During Vomiting and Diarrhea.

Fluid therapy is the most important therapeutic measure in patients suffering from dehydration or hypovolemia owing to gastrointestinal diseases. The therapy should be tailored based on the patient's condition, physical examination, and diagnostic findings. The selection of the specific fluid therapy should be determined by specific abnormalities of the patient and the severity of the gastrointestinal disorder.

Our quest for creating a space that is welcoming to all: A commentary from the American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committee.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) are crucial elements of successful veterinary emergency and critical care practices across the world. Embracing the elements of DEI creates a work environment that is safe and welcoming for all the members of the team. The American College of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care DEI committee was formed to enhance and support efforts to increase racial diversity in veterinary emergency and critical care, as well as provide resources that will generate DEI practices across the country.

Assessment of the percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy technique in experimental manikins and canine cadavers.

Objective: To evaluate procedure time, ease of placement, and complication rates of percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy (PDT) compared to surgical tracheostomy (ST) in canine cadavers.

Design: Randomized crossover experimental manikin and cadaver study involving 6 novice veterinary students.

Setting: University teaching hospital.

Use of charcoal hemoperfusion and hemodialysis in the treatment of methotrexate toxicosis in a dog.

Objective: To describe the successful use of charcoal hemoperfusion (HP) and hemodialysis (HD) in a dog in the treatment of methotrexate (MTX) toxicosis.

Case Summary: An American Pit Bull Terrier accidentally ingested 56.8 mg/m of MTX.

Serotonin Syndrome from 5-Hydroxytryptophan Supplement Ingestion in a 9-Month-Old Labrador Retriever.

Introduction: 5-Hydroxytryptophan (5-HTP) supplements are available over the counter and labeled as sleeping aids and anxiolytics for human use. 5-HTP is a serotonin precursor and overdose can lead to serotonin syndrome.

Case Report: A 9-month-old female Labrador retriever was evaluated after ingestion of a 5-HTP supplement.

JUGULAR CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER PLACEMENT THROUGH A MODIFIED SELDINGER TECHNIQUE FOR LONG-TERM VENOUS ACCESS IN CHELONIANS.

Long-term or repeated venous access in chelonians is difficult to obtain and manage, but can be critically important for administration of medications and blood sampling in hospitalized patients. Jugular catheterization provides the most rapid and secure route for vascular access, but catheters can be difficult to place, and maintaining catheter patency may be challenging. Long multilumen polyurethane catheters provide flexibility and sampling access, and minimize difficulties, such as catheter displacement, that have been encountered with traditional over-the-needle catheters.