Mitochondrion genomes of seven species of the endangered genus Sporophila (Passeriformes: Thraupidae).

We announce the mitochondrial genomes of seven species of the genus Sporophila (S. bouvreuil, S. iberaensis, S.

Diversity of eukaryotic and prokaryotic microbiota revealed by metabarcoding in Neotropical floodplain lakes.

The diversity of eukaryotic and prokaryotic communities has been assessed by morphological and genetic approaches, which are used to characterize the microbiota in different environments. Here, planktonic prokaryotic and eukaryotic communities of the Araguaia River, located in the Central region of Brazil, were analyzed based on metabarcoding analysis of rRNA genes to evaluate the diversity of these groups in tropical floodplain lakes. Also, we tested their spatial concordance throughout the Araguaia river.

Development and characterization of microsatellite markers in (Leguminosae).

In this study, we report the development and characterization of 15 new microsatellite markers for (Leguminosae) in order to support future analyses of genetic diversity in populations of this species. In screening with 48 individuals from three different populations of , we tested the amplification of 20 microsatellite loci, of which five are not useful for population genetic studies due to the lack of polymorphisms or amplification failures. For the final set of 15 loci, the number of alleles ranged from 2 to 15, with a total of 116 alleles.

Complete chloroplast genome sequence of Caryocar brasiliense Camb. (Caryocaraceae) and comparative analysis brings new insights into the plastome evolution of Malpighiales.

Caryocar brasiliense (Caryocaraceae) is a Neotropical tree species widely distributed in Brazilian Savannas. This species is very popular in central Brazil mainly by the use of its fruits in the local cuisine, and indeed it is one of the candidates, among Brazilian native plants, for fast track incorporation into cropping systems. Here we sequenced the complete chloroplast genome of C.

Genetic diversity in populations of African mahogany (Khaya grandioliola C. DC.) introduced in Brazil.

Given its high-valued wood, the African mahogany (Khaya grandifoliola) has been envisaged as a renewable source of tropical hardwoods in Brazil. However, there are concerns about the hypothesized low diversity among the few K. grandifoliola germplasm sources introduced in the country.

New set of microsatellite markers for the Great-billed Seed-finch (Sporophila maximiliani - Passeriformes: Thraupidae): tools for inspection and conservation.

The Thraupidae family is one of the most wanted by bird breeders in Brazil because it is represented by its diverse, colorful and melodious singers. The Great-billed Seed-finch, Sporophila maximiliani, is the only representative of the genus Sporophila considered critically endangered in Brazil. Due to the demands of environmental agencies and of conservation programs, there is a need to increase the number of molecular markers available for the genus and specially for S.

The complete chloroplast genome of Stryphnodendron adstringens (Leguminosae - Caesalpinioideae): comparative analysis with related Mimosoid species.

Stryphnodendron adstringens is a medicinal plant belonging to the Leguminosae family, and it is commonly found in the southeastern savannas, endemic to the Cerrado biome. The goal of this study was to assemble and annotate the chloroplast genome of S. adstringens and to compare it with previously known genomes of the mimosoid clade within Leguminosae.

Cytogenetics of two hylid frogs from Brazilian Cerrado.

Cytogenetic data can be useful for taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, as well as to provide information about chromosome evolution. Therefore, it may help design conservation priorities for some threatened species, such as anurans. Herein, we describe the karyotypes of Scinax constrictus and Ololygon centralis, native endemic species from the Brazilian Cerrado.

The Cerrado (Brazil) plant cytogenetics database.

Cerrado is a biodiversity hotspot that has lost ca. 50% of its original vegetation cover and hosts ca. 11,000 species belonging to 1,423 genera of phanerogams.

Genetic and chemical diversity of Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex. Schult.) DC. in the Brazilian Amazon.

Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC.

Conservation biogeography of the Cerrado's wild edible plants under climate change: Linking biotic stability with agricultural expansion.

Unlabelled: REMISE OF THE STUDY: Wild edible plants (WEPs) have an important cultural and economic role in human population worldwide. Human impacts are quickly converting natural habitats in agricultural, cattle ranch, and urbanized lands, putting native species on peril of risk of extinction, including some WEPs. Moreover, global climate changes also can pose another threat to species persistency.

Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci in Byrsonima cydoniifolia (Malpighiaceae) and cross-amplification in B. crassifolia.

Premise Of The Study: Microsatellite markers were developed and characterized in Byrsonima cydoniifolia (Malpighiaceae) to allow further investigation of genetic variation in natural populations. Cross-amplification was tested in the related species B. crassifolia.

A new eigenfunction spatial analysis describing population genetic structure.

Several methods of spatial analyses have been proposed to infer the relative importance of evolutionary processes on genetic population structure. Here we show how a new eigenfunction spatial analysis can be used to model spatial patterns in genetic data. Considering a sample of n local populations, the method starts by modeling the response variable (allele frequencies or phenotypic variation) against the eigenvectors sequentially extracted from a geographic distance matrix (n × n).

Geographical patterns of turnover and nestedness-resultant components of allelic diversity among populations.

The analysis of geographical patterns in population divergence has always been a powerful way to infer microevolutionary processes involved in population differentiation, and several approaches have been used to investigate such patterns. Most frequently, multivariate spatial patterns of population differentiation are analyzed by computing pairwise genetic distances or F(ST) (or related statistics, such as ϕ(ST) from AMOVA), which are then correlated with geographical distances or landscape features. However, when calculating distances, especially based on presence-absence of alleles in local populations, there would be a confounding effect of allelic richness differences in the population differentiation.

Development of microsatellite markers for the neotropical tree species Dipteryx alata (Fabaceae).

Premise Of The Study: Microsatellite markers were developed for the population genetic analyses of the neotropical tree Dipteryx alata (Fabaceae).

Methods And Results: Microsatellites were developed from a genomic shotgun library. Polymorphism at each microsatellite loci was analyzed based on 94 individuals from three populations.

Genetic diversity in natural populations of Jacaranda decurrens Cham. determined using RAPD and AFLP markers.

Jacaranda decurrens (Bignoniaceae) is an endemic species of the Cerrado with validated antitumoral activity. The genetic diversity of six populations of J. decurrens located in the State of São Paulo was determined in this study by using molecular markers for randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP).

RAPD variation and population genetic structure of Physalaemus cuvieri (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in Central Brazil.

Studies about the organization of the genetic variability and population structure in natural populations are used either to understand microevolutionary processes or the effects of isolation by human-inducted landscape modifications. In this paper, we analyzed patterns of genetic population structure using 126 RAPD loci scored for 214 individuals of Physalaemus cuvieri, sampled from 18 local populations. Around 97% of these loci were polymorphic.

Multiple Mantel tests and isolation-by-distance, taking into account long-term historical divergence.

Mantel tests of matrix correspondence have been widely used in population genetics to examine microevolutionary processes, such as isolation-by-distance (IBD). We used partial and multiple Mantel tests to simultaneously test long-term historical effects and current divergence and equilibrium processes, such as IBD. We used these procedures to calculate genetic divergence among Eugenia dysenterica (Myrtaceae) populations in Central Brazil.